M

M Afrossimoff

- Type: people - mentioned

M Alphonse

- Type: people - mentioned

M Alphonse Gent

M Andrieux

M Ange

- Type: people - mentioned

M Anitchkoff

- Type: people - mentioned

M Antonsky

- Type: people - mentioned

M Bashkirtseff

M Baudry d Asson

- Type: people - mentioned

M Beketoff

M. Beketoff, a Russian acquaintance at Nice (Mon Journal t.5 index: «Beketoff (M.), 28»); the earlier tomes list a Mme Beketoff (t.1 pp.155–158; t.2 pp.169, 207, 241; t.3 pp.41, 110), probably his wife (an inference).

M Billioti

M Boje

- Type: people - mentioned

M Boulatzel

M. Boulatzel, a very small man whom the Sapogenikoffs introduce to Marie in St Petersburg in August 1876 (Mon Journal t.8 index: «Boulatzel (M.) : 360»).

M Copeland

- Type: people - mentioned

M d Alt

M d Andigne

- Type: people - mentioned

M d Aspremont

M d Egremont

- Type: people - mentioned

M d Osmond

M de Baudry d Asson

M de Baudry d Asson

Armand Léon de Baudry d'Asson (Rocheservière, 15 June 1836 – 12 May 1915), Legitimist deputy for the Vendée from 1876 to 1914, a horse breeder and the Chamber's best-known hothead of the Right (Wikipedia, «Armand Léon de Baudry d'Asson», https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_L%C3%A9on_de_Baudry_d%27Asson). Mon Journal indexes: t.13 «Baudry d'Asson (M.) : 130» and t.11 «Baudry d'Asson (Léon-Armand-Charles) : 281». In November 1880 he was sanctioned under article 124 of the Chamber's rules after refusing to obey (Journal du Lot, 13 November 1880 report of the session of 9 November), the scene Marie's footnote compares to the removal of the deputy Manuel in 1823.

M de Beaurepaire

- Type: people - mentioned

M de Bismarck

M de Cessole

A comte de Cessole of Nice; the Cessole were an old Nice family. Mon Journal indexes: «Cessole (M. de)» t.4 p.183, t.6 p.39, t.8 p.126; «Cessole (comte de)» t.5 p.133; «Cessole (Mme de)» t.8 p.126. The diary does not distinguish individual members of the family.

M de Chambord

- Type: people - mentioned

M de Contades

- Type: people - mentioned

M de Freycinet

- Type: people - mentioned

M de Jobal

M de Lindemann

- Type: people - mentioned

M de Marcere

- Type: people - mentioned

M de Morgan

[Research needed]

M de Morgan de Mauricourt

- Type: people - mentioned

M de Multedo

M de Plancy

- Type: people - mentioned

M de Savigny

M. de Savigny, a diplomat of the French embassy at Berlin in 1881 (Mon Journal t.14 index: «Savigny (M. de) diplomate ambassade Berlin : 141»).

M de Tanlay

- Type: people - mentioned

M de Tarente

M de Tunis

- Type: people - mentioned

M de Vallon

M de Valon

- Type: people - mentioned

M des Perrieres

- Type: people - mentioned

M Dourassoff

M et Mme Afrossimoff

- Type: people - aristocracy

M et Mme Coube

M Foster

- Type: people - mentioned

M Franceschi

M Frieman

- Type: people - mentioned

M Gent

- Type: people - mentioned

M Goldsmid

M Grevy

- Type: people - mentioned

M Haussmann

M Howard

- Type: people - mentioned

M Janvier de la Motte

M Joyeuse

- Type: people - mentioned

M Krantz

- Type: people - mentioned

M Lacon

- Type: people - mentioned

M Lafontaine

- Type: people - mentioned

M Leclerc

M Maltzov

- Type: people - mentioned

M Marx

«M. Marx», a man Marie has «vu partout», introduced to her on the Grand Hôtel steps in Paris on 16 July 1876 by the baron and baronne de Mertens; he tells her she will give up singing and painting and end «comme toutes les jeunes filles du monde» (063.0341). Marie meets him again on the Promenade in Nice («Manara, Angelini et Marx font la haie à la Promenade», 068.0762, 21 January 1877) and at Wiesbaden in September 1877, where she names him: «Les Gerbel, les Lisander, les Lieman, et Marx. Vous vous souvenez, cet Américain de toujours» (074.0323). In May 1878 her family meet him in Paris near the Grand Hôtel: «M. Marx vous vous souvenez celui de l'été passé à Wiesbaden» (080/1878-05-12). Kernberger (2013) also calls him an American acquaintance (as quoted in the RSR note at 068.0762).

M Mawley

- Type: people - mentioned

M Muhle

- Type: people - mentioned

M Multedo

M Noley

- Type: people - mentioned

M Patton

The Mon Journal t.6 index lists "Patton (Oscar), consul de Russie" and "Patton (Mme), née Savelieff". Marie calls him "M. le consul Patton" and "le beau consul" at the Nice Opéra on 11 December 1875 (050.0674, 050.0675), next to "ses laides filles". His wife is the daughter of Mme Savelieff, whose death in May 1873 Marie records (see PATTON_FAMILY).

M Peyrusse

- Type: people - mentioned

M Philippini

M Rembelinsky

- Type: people - mentioned

M Robert Lancaster

M Rouher

- Type: people - mentioned

M Spuller

- Type: people - mentioned

M Tarbe

- Type: people - mentioned

M Thiers

- Type: people - mentioned

M Turquan

M Vesselowsky

- Type: people - mentioned

M. and Mme Appletcheieff

A Russian couple of the Nice colony whom Marie meets again in Rome (1876) and Paris (1881). In Paris, February 1881: «Les Appletcheieff c'est de l'engeance de Nice, les miens les ont rencontrés chez le consul, les Howard, etc.» (091.0080). The edition index lists «Appletcheieff (M.) : 205» and «Appletcheieff (Mme) : 205, 276» (Mon Journal t.7). Not identified further.

M. and Mme Zoubaloff

A Russian couple in Nice in the winter of 1876-1877, not otherwise identified.

M. Angel

The husband of [Mme Angel](MME_ANGEL.md), «Ange», the Russian lady of Marie's Nice circle in 1874. He arrives in Nice in November 1874, some weeks after his wife. Mon Journal t.4 index: «Angel (M.), 202, 204, 209». Nothing more is known of him.

M. Bagnitsky

Bagnitsky was a Russian journalist in Paris in 1883-84, a correspondent of the St Petersburg daily *Novoe Vremya* ("New Times", which Marie writes "Nouveau-Temps" and "Novoïc Vremia"; see [Novoic Vremia](../../culture/newspapers/NOVOIC_VREMIA.md)). Marie gives only his surname. She says that he sends the paper, "among other things, studies on our painters in Paris" (100.0176). His first name, dates and biography have not been established from outside the diary, and no portrait is known.

M. Barnola

Attendee at Nice social events.

M. Bernisse

Man marrying the elder Mlle Sabatier in 1874.

M. Berr

Young man serving as groomsman at Filimonoff wedding.

M. de La Boissière

French gentleman in Nice society.

M. de la Tour

M. de la Tour was a minor recurring acquaintance in Marie's Paris social circle in 1883, appearing among the guests at gatherings and at the Salon vernissage. Per Apostolescu's name index to the raw carnet transcription (Book 15), "La Tour (M. de)" appears on pages 8, 14, and 233 of that notebook -- page 233 corresponding to the vernissage entry of 1883-04-30 (099.0254), where he is named alongside the Canroberts, Bojidar, and Sautereau.

M. de Mauldre

A gentleman of the Nice season whom Marie meets on rides, on the Promenade and at the Opéra in the winters of 1874-75 and 1875-76. Only the surname is given; the Mon Journal t.6 index lists him as "Mauldre (M. de)" without further identification.

M. de Miranda

M. de Miranda was a family friend who appears in Marie's diary in October 1880. He had a grown daughter of twenty years old but appeared quite young himself. Marie describes him as "very amiable."

M. de Rochefort (the young diplomat)

A young French diplomat in the Bashkirtseffs' Paris circle in 1883–1884: «un petit attaché au Ministère des Affaires Etrangères» (099.0171, 21 April 1883), «M. de Rochefort (pas Henri) qu'on vient de nommer secrétaire d'ambassade à Rio de Janeiro» (103.0079, 19 January 1884), who «part pour Rio de Janeiro, pendant deux ans» (103.0180). Not the radical journalist Henri Rochefort ([ROCHEFORT](ROCHEFORT.md)). The Mon Journal indexes: t.15 «Rochefort (M. de), fonctionnaire : 150-151, 225, 235»; t.16 «Rochefort (M. de), diplomate : 127, 134, 137-138». The t.15 pages 150–151 are about Henri Rochefort the journalist («Quant à Rochefort on le voit écumer», January 1883), an index slip.

M. Doublansky

A neighbor of the Bashkirtseff family in Ukraine (likely Poltava region) who was the previous victim of the Zankovsky family's predatory scheme before they targeted Paul Bashkirtseff.

M. et Mme de Pierlay

Social visitors to the Bashkirtseff family in Nice during February 1873. Marie notes having a fifteen-minute conversation with them during an evening visit.

M. Gambart

Gentleman at theater in Nice society.

M. Garnitsky

A gentleman of Poltava society whom Marie meets during her stay in Little Russia in the autumn of 1882. She introduces him as "un M. Garnitsky, assez vieux et comme il faut" (096.0397, 096/1882-10-17) and later calls him "l'homme *aimable* de Poltava" (096.0459, 096/1882-10-29). The Mon Journal t.15 index has only "Garnitsky (M.) : 96, 100, 102-105, 107, 111". First name and position are not known.

M. Georges

M. Hartung

A person who left a calling card at the Bashkirtseff residence, discovered belatedly by Marie's aunt.

M. Hasford

A gentleman of the Nice winter colony whom Marie meets at the London House and at the music between 1873 and 1876. First name and nationality not known. The name indexes of *Mon Journal* list him only as «Hasford (M.)» (Tome 3, p. 146; Tome 8, pp. 171, 185).

M. Leclerc

Marie's teacher of chemistry and physics at Nice, 1873-1875. The Mon Journal t.7 index has «Leclerc (M.), professeur de chimie-physique : 221». His first lesson is on 15 November 1873: «J'ai ma première leçon avec M. Leclerc, chimiste» (012.0220). He is one of the home tutors (with [Brunet](./BRUNET.md), her tutor in literature; see [Teachers](./TEACHERS.md)) who make up her studies; she calls him in her dream «ce petit vieux bonhomme de Leclerc» (032.0391). He comes at fixed hours, sometimes at eight in the morning (024.0351, 028.0159).

M. Léon d'Audiffret (Nice)

The old M. d'Audiffret of the Tour Audiffret in Nice, to whom Marie addresses letters in 1875-76. The relation to Emile d'Audiffret ([#Emile d'Audiffret](../recurring/EMILE_D_AUDIFFRET.md)) is not stated (Marie calls him "le vieux d'Audiffret papa"); an elder relative, perhaps the father, is likely but unproved.

M. Nagornoff

Musician giving concerts in Nice during 1874 season.

M. Nennkoff

A man encountered at a house during the Bashkirtseffs' apartment-hunting in Nice in June 1873. Only mentioned in passing as a person they "found" at the house they visited before going to the Pattons.

M. Oustimovitch

M. Oustimovitch

Marshal of the nobility (*maréchal de la noblesse*) of the government of Poltava in 1881; Marie's father is marshal of only one of its 13 or 15 districts (092.0233). He comes uninvited to the Gavronzi name-day dinner (092.0088, 2 June 1881), joins the family at dinner in Poltava (092.0232, 9 July 1881) and calls at their hotel (092.0255).

M. Paskevitch

The first husband of [#Mme_Paskevitch](../aristocracy/MME_PASKEVITCH.md), who divorced him to marry Carlo Hamilton ([#Carlo_Hamilton](../aristocracy/CARLO_HAMILTON.md)). Mentions of the wife, who divorced him for Carlo, are filed under [#Mme_Paskevitch](../aristocracy/MME_PASKEVITCH.md) (including «Pauvre Paskevitch, c'est affreux !» of 039/1875-08-15, where she is meant). The husband himself appears at 032/1875-05-08 (confused with Basilevitch), 040/1875-08-27-28 and 092/1881-07-23.

M. Paskevitch

M. Patchenko

M. Patchenko is the father of Alexandrine Patchenko (Nini) and thus the father-in-law of Paul Bashkirtseff (Marie's brother). Marie describes him as having "une conduite aussi detestable" (detestable conduct) toward Paul and especially toward his own daughter, whom he leaves without money in a foreign family. Marie noted he was "rat comme tout" (stingy as anything) and "n'a rien donne a la femme" (gave nothing to his daughter) at the time of the wedding (carnet 091, February 25, 1881).

M. Potemkine

Russian gentleman, engaged to Mlle Filimonoff.

M. Rabsaet

A Belgian amateur tenor, friend of Diaz de Soria, in Nice in February 1877; not otherwise identified (no trace found under this spelling). Marie calls him «le ténor le plus célèbre comme amateur, et qu'on s'arrache à ce qu'il paraît» (068.0943) and, less kindly, «laid, insignifiant et Belge» (068.0946).

M. Rémy de Gonzalès Moreno (père)

An Argentine gentleman whom Marie's family met at Baden-Baden about 1870 and who reappears in Paris and Nice until 1878: the father of her childhood admirer [Rémy de Gonzalès](REMY_DE_GONZALES.md). The Mon Journal indexes call him «Gonzalès Moreno (M. de), Argentin» (t.1) and, in later volumes, «Gonzalès Moreno (Rémy de), Argentin», distinct from «Gonzalès Moreno (Rémy de), fils» (t.3, t.5, t.6, t.8, t.10; «Gonzalès-Moreno (M. de)», t.11). Father and son thus share the first name: Marie writes «le vieux Rémy» for the father (028.0205) and «mes deux Rémy» (041.0020). She calls him «de Gonzalès», «le père Gonzalès» or, by the second surname, «Moreno»: «Voici le père Moreno et avec lui Rémy» (024.0050); «les Gonzalès, ou Moreno comme on veut» (063.0113).

M. Tchernichoff

M. Tchernichoff, an elderly Russian ladies' man met at Nice in April 1874 and seen in Paris and Nice that year and again in Paris in 1878–80 («le vieil irrésistible»). Mon Journal t.3 index «Tchernichoff (M.), 165–166». Marie keeps him apart from the Nice physician: «M. Tchernichoff, celui qui était dernièrement à Nice; celui qui a épousé Mme Ketly, qui dit-on, a empoisonné sa première femme, pas le docteur Tchernichoff enfin» (024.0122); the doctor is [#Dr Tchernichoff](../doctors/DR_TCHERNICHOFF.md).

M. Tchernikoff

A Russian man referred to as "M. Tchernikoff" in the Nice social circle of June 1873. He appears in two distinct roles: as a social visitor to the Bashkirtseff household, and as the physician traveling with the Berlikoff family when they depart for Russia on June 15, 1873. Marie notes he and the family are known to the Bashkirtseffs, which is why Solominka Markevitch (whose health was uncertain) is placed under his care for the journey.

M. Tormosoff

Russian gentleman in Nice society.

M. Volkovitsky

A Poltava gentleman, husband of [Mme Volkovitsky](MME_VOLKOVITSKY.md). Marie: "Volkovitsky est marié à une fille bâtarde du Prince Serge Kotchoubey, par conséquent bien posé à Poltava" (066/1876-09-06). The Mon Journal t.9 index lists "Volkovitsky (M.)" and "Volkovitsky (Mme)" separately.

M. Zibine

Russian gentleman, concert commissioner in Nice.

Mabille

[Research needed]

Mac Donald

[Research needed]

Mac Loren

Woman in Nice society described as "très gentille."

Mac Mahon

Patrice de MacMahon (1808-1893), duc de Magenta, Marshal of France and President of the Republic from 24 May 1873 to 30 January 1879; his wife was the duchesse de Magenta, the «maréchale» (Wikipedia, «Patrice de MacMahon»). Mon Journal indexes: t.2 pp. 8, 47; t.4 pp. 15, 229.

Macainne

M. Macainne, «officier anglais» (Mon Journal t.3 index; t.4 adds «[Makak]»), a Scot, whom Marie calls «l'Anglais» at Spa in summer 1874 (021.0015: «Il est officier en Angleterre, écossais, une de ses sœurs est une grande et belle blonde»). Tall, handsome and «assez bête», he is pursued by Mme Basilévitch, who meets him in the Casino billiard room (020.0467, 020.0471-0472); Marie translates her extravagant compliments to him (021.0020-0021) and wants to teach him to dance the galop (021.0060). At the hotel and promenades he is the «ours», «blunt», always with his sisters (021.0050), and Marie's Russian pun on his name is «Makak le cochon» (021.0032). Indexed pages: t.3 pp. 249-260; t.4 pp. 6-303.

Macainne Family

Macaulay

Thomas Babington Macaulay (1800-1859), British historian and Whig politician, author of "The History of England."

Machenka

Wife of Uncle Stiopa who visits Nice with him in January 1874 and continues as regular household companion.

Mackay

Mâcon

Mâcon is a city in eastern France in the Burgundy region, located on the Saône River. It served as an important stop on the railway line between Paris and the Mediterranean coast.

Madame Aleinikoff

A Russian lady met at the hotel at Wiesbaden in August 1875. Marie takes her daughters to Rauenthal on 22 August: «Je mène les filles de Mme Aleinikoff, une Russe qu'on a connue à l'hôtel, à Rauenthal, hauteur d'où l'on admire le Rhin» (039.0193); her balcony touches that of Prince Mechtchersky, which is the reason Marie goes to see her (039.0217); she spends her last evening with the Bashkirtseffs (039.0224, 23 Aug). Mon Journal t.5 index: «Aleinikoff (Mme)», pp. 257, 259.

Madame Batourine

Wife of Alexandre Batourine, an old friend of the family who had once loved Marie's mother; Marie meets them at Wiesbaden in August 1875. Mon Journal t.10: «Batourine (Mme, née Bachmakoff)». Old, ugly and toothless, but «du meilleur monde», talkative and fond of speaking of high society (039.0061, 039.0244, 074.0106). The Batourines have their own house (039.0063); Marie dines with them on 25 August 1875 (039.0243). In August 1877 she is in deep mourning for her brother Bachmakoff and receives the Bashkirtseffs with Prince Repnin and the prince of Nassau, which Marie finds oppressive («cette vieille diablesse», 074.0079-0088, 26 Aug 1877). M. Batourine was «très amoureux de maman et elle de lui» before both married other people (074.0107). Marie calls her an acquaintance of twenty-five years, who truly loves them (074.0371), and in September 1877 she writes to thank Marie for things bought on her behalf (075.0103). See the entry BATOURINE for her husband.

Madame Boyd

Madame Brenne

Madame Brenne was one of Marie Bashkirtseff's French governesses during her childhood in Russia. She is described as having:

Madame Brooks

- Type: people - aristocracy

Madame Conti Damoreau

Singing teacher at Nice in 1875. On 17 April 1875 Marie plays at the pupils' matinée given by «Mme Conti Damoreau et M. Laussel»: «Les artistes sont les élèves et le public les parents et amis» (031.0252); the pupils of Mme Damoreau sing «vilainement, pas une voix mais une bonne méthode cependant», and Laussel and Damoreau play the *Tannhäuser* overture on two pianos before «la dame» sings (031.0261; see LAUSSEL, GROTTE_DE_FINGAL).

Madame de Brimond

Madame de Brimont

Madame de Fayet

Madame de Larderel

Madame de Larderel

- Type: people - aristocracy

Madame de Mirafiore

Madame de Mouzay

Madame de Mouzay

Madame F. de Mouzay (first initial from signed letter, carnet 082, 1878-10-04). French countess ("comtesse de Mouzay") residing in Nice and later Paris. Formerly a "lingere dans la maison de l'Empereur" (linen-maid in the household of Napoleon III), a detail Marie reveals in passing (086.0478, 1879-11-05). This imperial household connection explains both her aristocratic title and her extensive social network spanning Bonapartist political circles, artists, and the Faubourg Saint-Germain -- as well as the social ambiguity that Marie intermittently mocks.

Madame de Pourtales

Madame de Sévigné

Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné (5 February 1626 – 17 April 1696), known as Madame de Sévigné, was a French aristocrat celebrated for her letters and epistolary style.

Madame de Tunis

A woman in Parisian society who hosts social events during the 1881 season.

Madame Doubelt

- Type: people - aristocracy

Madame Engelhardt and her son

"Les Engelhardt" are a Russian mother and son living in Paris, near the Parc Monceau quarter (102.0548). Marie calls the mother "Mme la Générale Engelhardt, une notabilité de la colonie russe" (088.0068): her husband was presumably a Russian general, but his name is never given. The son is about thirty in 1883 ("un petit aztèque, de trente ans", 102.0094; "Aztèque" is Marie's contemptuous word for ugly or primitive-looking, and she repeats it in 1884: 105.0058). First names, dates and the family's origin are not in the diary and could not be found in a published source; the surname is a common Baltic-German noble name in the Russian Empire, but nothing in the text allows Marie's acquaintances to be linked to any particular Engelhardt family. In 1882 she shortens the name to "Engel" (095.0253). The printed edition has the typographical variants "Englehardt", "Engelhadt" and "Engdelhardt", corrected in the source (103.0227, 104.0672).

Madame Gredelue

Madame Gredelue was a young widow, age 25, who posed as a model for Marie at the Académie Julian in October 1880. Marie describes her as extraordinarily beautiful with striking coloring:

Madame Howard

Madame Kanschine

- Type: people - aristocracy

Madame l'Archiduc

*Madame l'Archiduc* is an opéra bouffe in three acts by Jacques Offenbach to a libretto by Albert Millaud, first performed at the Bouffes-Parisiens (Salle Choiseul), Paris, on 31 October 1874. After a slow start it had an opening run of 100 performances and was seen in Vienna in 1875 and London in 1876 (Wikipedia, "Madame l'archiduc"). The setting is the duchy of Parma around 1820: the innkeeper's servants Giletti and Marietta are paid to pass as the Count and Countess of Castelardo; the conspirators plot to kill the archduke Ernest, who falls for Marietta and abdicates in her favour.

Madame la Coquine

- Type: people - aristocracy

Madame Melnikoff

Madame Melnikoff was one of Marie Bashkirtseff's early Russian governesses during Marie's childhood in Ukraine, before the family left Russia in 1870. She was specifically responsible for teaching music and dance.

Madame Plevasko

Wife of M. Plevasko, a Russian lawyer (Mon Journal t.5 index: «Plevasko (M.), avocat», pp. 262-263, 273-274) whom Marie, in Paris on 30 August 1875, describes as «une célébrité en Russie»; the Bashkirtseffs take «lui et sa femme, grasse et fraîche personne, au Bois» (040.0163) and make the tour of the cascade in the rain for Mme Plevasko, who has never seen the Bois and leaves the next day or the day after (040.0168).

Madame Ponce

Madame Ponce was Marie's guitar teacher, whom Marie refers to as "ma négresse" (my negress) - likely indicating she was of African or mixed-race origin. She taught Spanish songs and guitar.

Madame Recamier

- Type: people - aristocracy

Madame Volkovitsky

Madame Yorke

Madeleine

Madeleine Delsarte

Madeleine Lemaire

Madeleine Lemaire (1845–1928), French watercolourist famous for her flower paintings and hostess of one of the leading artistic and literary salons of Paris (footnote at 103.0375; en.wikipedia «Madeleine Lemaire»).

Mademoiselle de La Vallière (Arsène Houssaye)

*Mademoiselle de La Vallière et Madame de Montespan: études historiques sur la cour de Louis XIV* is a semi-historical, richly written study by the French man of letters [Arsène Houssaye](./ARSENE_HOUSSAYE.md) (1815-1896), published in Paris by Henri Plon in 1860 (Folger Shakespeare Library catalogue record; Internet Archive scans of the Plon edition). It follows Louise de La Vallière (1644-1710), the first long-term maîtresse en titre of Louis XIV, who ended her life as a Carmelite nun, and her rival Madame de Montespan. Houssaye's preface sets the tone: La Vallière "n'aima pas le roi parce qu'il était le roi, mais parce qu'il avait l'air d'être le roi" (Plon 1860 text, Internet Archive scan).

Mademoiselle de Maupin (Gautier)

*Mademoiselle de Maupin* (1835) is the epistolary novel by Théophile Gautier (1811–1872) about the cross-dressing Madelaine de Maupin, who as "Théodore" attracts both d'Albert and Rosette. Its famous preface rejects utilitarian and moralising views of literature and became a manifesto of "l'art pour l'art" (Wikipedia FR, "Mademoiselle de Maupin (roman)"). It was a scandalous book in its day and is often described as one of the first French novels to treat androgyny.

Mademoiselle de Villevieille

Mademoiselle de Villevieille is a woman of the old Faubourg Saint-Germain nobility who studies painting at the Académie Julian's women's studio and becomes one of Marie's most constant companions from 1879 to 1884. Marie's first description, on 23 July 1879, is "une demoiselle qui vient à l'atelier mais très comme il faut et appartenant par sa famille au grand monde du Faubourg Saint Germain. Sa mère est marquise mais pauvre malheureusement" (085.0578). She lives with her mother "au 5ème rue de Ponthieu" (095.0351).

Mademoiselle Mori: A Tale of Modern Rome (Margaret Roberts)

*Mademoiselle Mori: A Tale of Modern Rome* (2 vols, London, John W. Parker and Son, 1860; Tauchnitz reprint, Leipzig, 1862) is the first novel of the English writer Margaret Roberts (1833-1919), published anonymously; she never published under her own name, according to the Victorian Research Web. It is set in Rome in the years of Pius IX's election and the revolution of 1848-49, and tells of Irene, a young orphan with a gift for singing who is taken in by a wealthy English widow and wants to become a *cantatrice*. Roberts wrote it, according to the Orlando project, working in Rome and partly in Italian, and it became her best-known book. (Orlando: Women's Writing in the British Isles; Victorian Research Web, "show author" 1824.)

Mademoiselle Oelsnitz

Mademoiselle Samary

Jeanne Samary (1857-1890) was a celebrated French actress at the Comédie-Française, known for her beauty, charm, and infectious laughter. She became one of the most popular actresses in Paris during the 1870s-1880s.

Madrazo

Painter met in Madrid in October 1881. On 10 October Marie is told at the Prado that «Madrazzo, fils du directeur du musée, et peintre lui-même» liked her copy and wants to meet her (093.0201); on 16 October, at the Rastro (Madrid's flea market), «on m'a présenté Madrazo qui m'a fait des compliments sur ma copie» (093.0256). The museum's director was Federico de Madrazo y Küntz (1815-1894), whose son Raimundo de Madrazo (1841-1920) was a celebrated portrait painter (diary footnote at 093.0201); Marie does not give a first name, so the son's identity is probable but not confirmed (Federico had another painter son, Ricardo).

Madrazzo

Madrid

- Type: places - cities

Magarnoff

Family of the Nice wedding of 10 May 1874: «la noce de Mlle Magarnoff, la sœur du fiddler» (019.0169). Marie, in travel dress as a protest, attends because she is taken by force. The bride's brother is a violinist, «the fiddler». No other source found.

Magdeleine Delsarte

Stub entry — needs research.

Magnetisme

Maille

[Research needed]

Mainz

- Type: places - cities

Maison de Blanc

A Paris linen shop («la Maison de Blanc», once «la Maison du Blanc») from which Marie orders household linen on her buying trip of September 1874. She writes of her suppliers: «Je m'amuse beaucoup chez mes fournisseurs ... Chez Virot se passent presque deux heures, je commande mon linge de lit à la Maison de Blanc» (024.0118, 26 September 1874); two days later, «je commande mon linge de bain à la Maison du Blanc» (024.0151). No address or owner is given; it is not to be confused with the Maison du Blanc of other cities.

Maison Laferriere

Maison Laferriere was a prestigious Parisian haute couture house founded by Madeleine Laferriere (1847-1912) in 1869 at 28, rue Taitbout, Paris. It was one of the leading fashion houses of the Second Empire and Third Republic, ranked alongside Doucet, Paquin, and Worth. Compared to Worth's "massif et severe" aesthetic, Laferriere offered a lighter, more refined style.

Maizonie

- Type: people - mentioned

Major Fridolin

- Type: people - mentioned

Makaroff

Makaroff (sometimes spelled Makarof in different sources) was one of Marie Bashkirtseff's teachers during her stay in Nice in 1873. He appears to have been a Russian expatriate who provided private lessons to children of Russian noble families.

Malborough

- Type: people - mentioned

Malbrough s'en va-t-en guerre

A traditional French song mocking the Duke of Marlborough (John Churchill), reported dead after the battle of Malplaquet (11 September 1709), in fact he was only wounded. It became widely known from 1781, when Beaumarchais put it in the mouth of the page in *Le Mariage de Figaro*, and Marie-Antoinette is said to have had it taught to her. The refrain "Mironton, mironton, mirontaine" is its best-known mark; "Monsieur d'Malbrough est mort" is a line from the final verses. (Source: Wikipedia fr, "Malbrough s'en va-t-en guerre", https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malbrough_s%27en_va-t-en_guerre.) Traditional, public domain.

Malezieux

Paul Malézieux and his wife, members of Gambart's circle at Spa in summer 1874 (Mon Journal t.4 index: «Malézieux (M.) Paul» and «Malézieux (Mme)»). Malézieux sings comic songs («chansonnettes») at Gambart's, in duets with Body (021.0391, 021.0396: «Causons de nos amours passées»; 022.0288), and the couple live in Gambart's Château d'Alsa itself (021.0396). They come with Gambart's suite, Kirsh, Mme Godefroy and Bouhy (021.0442, 021.0547, 022.0066). Mme Malézieux has the honour of sitting by the princess (022.0291). In November 1874 Marie quotes his refrain: «Il pleut ! Saprelotte je grelotte» (027.0095). Marie dislikes the company: «Société choisie» (021.0442).

Malzoff

An old rich man ('vieux richard') who stares at Marie at Nice in April 1875: Dina jokes that her dream foretells him as her future husband (032.0143, 26 April 1875). Only mention; no first name.

Mam zelle Acard

Manara

- Type: people - mentioned

Manby

London tailor competing with Wolmershausen.

Manderstern

Manderstern was the marshal of nobility (maréchal de la noblesse) for the province (gouvernement) of Poltava in Russia in 1880. This was an elected position among the nobility, responsible for representing noble interests to the government.

Mandoline

- Type: people - mentioned

Manege Latry

Riding school in Paris where Marie rides for the first time on 28 September 1874: «je vais monter au manège Latry, je n'ai rien à dire sur cela, c'était une première fois, il faudrait revenir» (024.0150), after the visit to Worth. The riding master Latry is not otherwise described.

Manet

[Research needed]

Mania

Charming young woman, sister of Katia who married Potemkine.

Manotte

Marie's music teacher who hosts musical matinées. Later revealed to be ill-tempered and disrespectful.

Mantel

Milliner who sends hats to Marie.

Manuel d'Épictète (Enchiridion)

The *Enchiridion* ("handbook", in French the *Manuel*) is a short compendium of Stoic ethical advice compiled by Arrian, a disciple of the Greek Stoic [Epictetus](../history/EPICTETUS.md) (c. 50 - c. 135 AD) in the second century. Most of its content derives from Epictetus's *Discourses*, but it is a selection of practical precepts rather than a summary; it avoids metaphysics and teaches how to reach mental freedom by distinguishing what is "up to us" (judgements, desires, will) from what is not (body, property, reputation, others) (Wikipedia, "Enchiridion of Epictetus"). In nineteenth-century France it circulated in several translations; French Wikisource offers the translations of Jean-Marie Guyau (1875), Jean-François Thurot (1889) and Henri Joly (1915).

Manzoni

Italian writer (1785-1873), author of *I promessi sposi*. Verdi composed his *Messa da Requiem* in his memory, first performed in Milan on 22 May 1874 (Wikipedia, «Messa da Requiem (Verdi)»). On 8 June 1874 Marie's mother takes a box for 120 francs for «la Messe de requiem en mémoire de Manzoni, de G. Verdi» (020.0176); see MESSA_DA_REQUIEM_VERDI.

Marc

Member of Howard family circle, likely one of the children.

Marcel

Marcel Canrobert, son of Marshal Canrobert and the [Maréchale](MARECHALE_CANROBERT.md), elder brother of [Louis](LOUIS_CANROBERT.md) and brother of [Claire](../recurring/CLAIRE_CANROBERT.md). He is Marcelin Certain-Canrobert (1867–1921), a cavalry officer (see [Claire's entry](../recurring/CLAIRE_CANROBERT.md) and [MARECHALE_CANROBERT](MARECHALE_CANROBERT.md), which cite napoleon.org and the Jouy-en-Josas local-history site). Marie gives him as 17 in August 1883 (101.0240, per Claire's entry).

Marchese de Campomarino

- **Title**: Marchese (Marquis) de Campomarino

Marchese Santasiglia

Marechal

- Type: people - mentioned

Maréchal Canrobert

François Certain de Canrobert (the family name was usually written Certain Canrobert) was born on 27 June 1809 at Saint-Céré (Lot) and died in Paris on 28 January 1895. His father was an infantry captain, Antoine Certain de Canrobert; his mother was Angélique de Niocel (napoleon.org, Fondation Napoléon, biography of Canrobert).

Marechal de Castellane

- Type: people - mentioned

Maréchale Canrobert

Leïla Flora Macdonald was born on 29 June 1838 at Sultanpore in British India, the daughter of Allen-Ronald Macdonald and Éliza-Anna Smith. On 19 January 1863, in Paris (8th arrondissement), she married [Marshal Canrobert](MARECHAL_CANROBERT.md), twenty-nine years her senior. She died at Jouy-en-Josas on 5 August 1889 (napoleon.org, biography of Canrobert). Her children were [Claire](../recurring/CLAIRE_CANROBERT.md) (born 1865), Marcelin (1867–1921) and, from Marie's diary, a younger son Louis; see [the Canrobert family](CANROBERT.md).

Margherita di Savoia

Margherita Maria Teresa Giovanna di Savoia (20 November 1851 -- 4 January 1926) was the Queen consort of Italy as the wife of King Umberto I, who reigned from 1878 to 1900. She was widely admired for her beauty, elegance, and patronage of the arts.

Margot

Margot is the three-year-old daughter of Sperandio and his wife (Pacha's sister). Marie describes her as "gentille" (sweet/nice).

Marguerite

Marguerite de Valois

Marguerite de Valois (1553–1615), daughter of Henri II and Catherine de Médicis, first wife of Henri IV (married 1572, marriage annulled 1599), known as «la reine Margot». Her *Mémoires*, covering her life up to about 1582, were first published in 1628 (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marguerite_de_Valois; fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marguerite_de_Valois).

Maria

- Type: people - mentioned

Maria Dimitrievna

Maria Stepanovna Babanina

Maria Stepanovna Babanina (1833--1920) was Marie Bashkirtseff's mother. Both dates come from encyclopaedic biographies of her daughter: English Wikipedia ("Marie Bashkirtseff") gives "Maria Stepanovna Babanina (1833--1920)", and the Russian encyclopaedia *Znanie* repeats them (article "Башкирцева, Мария Константиновна"). Kernberger (2013, Introduction) confirms 1920 as the year of her death. No source seen gives her birthplace or the exact day of her birth or death.

Maria Wiik

Maria Catharina Wiik (1853–1928), Finnish portrait and genre painter, born in Helsinki. After the Helsinki drawing school she studied in Paris at the Académie Julian under Tony Robert-Fleury from 1875 (Wikipedia, "Maria Wiik"; the years she stayed are given differently, up to 1880). The Mon Journal t.12 index has «Wiik (Maria-Katarina), élève à l'atelier Julian : 198».

Marie

- Type: people - mentioned

Marie Ambre

Marie Anitchkoff

Young daughter of Mme Anitchkoff, described by Marie as one of the poorly dressed children.

Marie Bashkirtseff

**Marie Bashkirtseff** (Maria Konstantinovna Bashkirtseva; 12 November 1858 Old Style = 24 November 1858 New Style – Paris, 31 October 1884) is the author of the diary this project publishes. She was born at Gavrontsi near Poltava, in the Russian Empire (now Ukraine), left Russia as a child, grew up in Nice and Paris, trained as a painter at the Académie Julian, exhibited at the Paris Salon from 1880, and died of tuberculosis a few weeks before her twenty-sixth birthday. Her name is also spelled *Bachkirtseff* (the usual modern French form) and, in some older references, *Bashkirseff*; the diary itself uses *Bashkirtseff*, the form this project keeps in every language.

Marie Bashkirtseff aunt

Marie Bashkirtseff mother

Marie Bashkirtseff's works

Marie Bashkirtseff trained as a painter in the women's atelier of the [Académie Julian](../../places/schools/JULIAN.md), which she entered on 3 October 1877. She showed at the [Salon](./SALON.md) from 1880 — in 1880 as "Marie Constantin Russ", in 1881 as "Andrey" — and in 1883 the jury gave her a *mention honorable* for the [pastel portrait of her cousin Dina](./PORTRAIT_DINA_PASTEL.md). *[Un meeting](./UN_MEETING.md)*, shown at the Salon of 1884, entered the French national collections within months of her death. How she trained, what she believed about painting and how the diary records it are set out in *[Art Practice](../themes/ART_PRACTICE.md)*.

Marie Biard, "Étincelle" (baronne Double)

"Étincelle" ("Spark") is not a person's name and not a pet: it is the pen name of a Parisian society journalist, the author of the gossip column that Marie calls "son Carnet du *Figaro*" (094.0150-0151). The woman behind it was **Henriette Marie Adélaïde Biard**, born in Paris on 14 October 1840 and died there on 8 May 1897 (fr.wikipedia, "Marie Biard"). The pseudonym is listed in the contemporary directory *Les Pseudonymes du jour* as "Étincelle. -- Vicomte de Létorières. -- Mme de Peyronni" (Wikisource, "Dominos féminins"), which matches Marie's own parenthesis in 1881: "Mme de Peyronney (vicomtesse de Létarière)" (091.0409).

Marie d'Audiffret

The elder daughter of Mme d'Audiffret ([AUDIFFRET_MME](AUDIFFRET_MME.md)) and half-sister of Emile d'Audiffret ([EMILE_D_AUDIFFRET](../recurring/EMILE_D_AUDIFFRET.md)), about a year younger than Marie Bashkirtseff: recalling Nice in 1875, Marie writes «Marie Audiffret dissuadant son frère d'aller chez nous … j'avais à peine seize ans et elle en avait quinze» (088.0265). Her sister is Dolorès (087.0833).

Marie Delsarte

- Type: people - mentioned

Marie Dubois (maid of the Atelier Julian)

The maid («bonne») of the women's studio of the [Atelier Julian](../../culture/art/L_ATELIER_JULIAN.md). Mon Journal t.14 index: «Marie (bonne de l'atelier Julian) : 40, 100-101»; t.15 index: «Dubois (Marie), bonne à l'atelier Julian : 260». Not Marie Bashkirtseff herself, and not a servant of the Bashkirtseff household.

Marie Fabbricatore

- Type: people - mentioned

Marie Filimonoff (Mania)

Daughter of the Filimonoff family, a young woman who asks Marie to call her by the diminutive "Mania." She is part of Marie's social circle in Nice.

Marie Ivanovna Perlik

Marie Ivanovna Perlik appears in a crucial anecdote in Marie Bashkirtseff's diary entry of September 1, 1873. She is presented as a woman who tried to warn Marie's mother against marrying Constantin Bashkirtseff (Marie's father).

Marie Leontievna

Marie Presseq

Marie Sapogenikoff

One of the Sapogenikoff daughters, a close friend of Marie Bashkirtseff in Nice during 1875. She is part of the Russian expatriate community and participates in social adventures with Marie.

Marie-Antoinette

Marie-Antoinette (1755-1793), Queen of France, wife of Louis XVI, executed during the French Revolution. Her tragic life and death became a subject of intense literary and historical interest in the 19th century.

Marie's Birth Date

Marie Bashkirtseff's birth date is one of the most tangled biographical facts in her story, involving a three-layer falsification across Julian/Gregorian calendars, Marie's own vanity, and her mother's editorial interventions.

Marie's unfinished novel (1875-76)

Between November 1875 and spring 1876 Marie began a novel and wrote at it in bursts. It is her one attempt at sustained fiction before the diary's later wish to "écrire des livres". As far as the project can tell, **no text of it survives and none is quoted in the diary**: everything known is what she says about it in about a dozen paragraphs. She stopped after two chapters, took it up again for three pages in February 1876, and by April had stopped writing it.

Marini

- Type: people - mentioned

Marinovitch

A Serbian diplomat family in Paris in 1883–84: M. Marinovitch, «ministre de Serbie et beau-frère de la princesse» [Karageorgevitch](KARAGEORGEVITCH.md) (097.0362), his wife Mme Marinovitch, and their son, «le jeune Marinovitch», 33 years old and secretary of embassy. The Mon Journal indexes distinguish them: «Marinovitch (M.), ministre de Serbie» and «(Mme)» (t.15, pp.146, 148); «Marinovitch (M.), fils du ministre de Serbie» and «(Mme, mère)» (t.16, pp.34, 62, 112).

Mark

Mark, a Paris horse dealer, whose stables Marie visits in September 1874. The Mon Journal t.4 index has «Mark, marchand de chevaux, 150-152, 154». He is distinct from the dealer [Maurice](MAURICE.md), who has his own index line (t.4, pp.157, 159, 161).

Markevitch

Marot

Clément Marot (1496–1544), French Renaissance poet at the court of Francis I, famous for his verse epistles. The epistle Marie has in mind is «Au Roi, pour avoir été dérobé» (c. 1531–1532), in which he tells the king that his valet robbed him and slyly asks for money (see the footnote at 038.0120, citing Érudit, *Renaissance and Reformation* 42.2, 2019; Project MUSE art. 234234). The Mon Journal t.5 index lists «Marot Jean (valet de chambre de François Ier), 226»; the editors have named Jean Marot, Clément's father, but the epistle Marie recalls is Clément's.

Marquis Borgagli

An Italian marquis whom Marie knew from Nice and meets again in Rome in March 1876. The printed edition reads «Borgagli» (Mon Journal t.7 pp.160-161, and index p.357 «Borgagli (marquis) : 160-161, 181», checked on the scan); our French text carries the OCR misreading «Sorgagli» (see Research notes). Not identified further.

Marquis Calderon

Marquis d Ivry

- Type: people - mentioned

Marquis d'Abzac

A member of the household of Marshal MacMahon, President of the Republic, at the Élysée: Marie calls him «le marquis d'Abzac de l'Elysée» (077/1878-02-02, 077.0550) when she introduces his cousin, the [comte d'Abzac](../aristocracy/COMTE_D_ABZAC.md). In July 1878 a newspaper report pasted into the diary names «le marquis d'Abzac, représentant le Maréchal» at a church service (081/1878-07-05, 081.0320). The Mon Journal indexes list him as «Abzac (marquis d'), cousin du précédent» (t.11, p.128) and «Abzac (marquis d') : 33» (t.12). His forename and exact office are not given in the diary and were not found in the sources checked.

Marquis de Bellevue

A French nobleman who was formally presented to Marie's mother at the Cercle Masséna ball on February 24, 1873.

marquis de Bilioni

marquis de Biliotti

- Type: people - mentioned

Marquis de Boishébert

Raoul, marquis de Boishébert (Mon Journal t.13 index «Boishébert (Raoul marquis de) : 36, 72»), the estranged husband of [Mme de Boishébert](MME_DE_BOISHEBERT.md), of whom Marie writes in June 1879 that she is «récemment séparée de M. le marquis de Boishébert, son mari» (085.0328).

Marquis de Casa Riera

[Research needed]

Marquis de Caux

[Research needed]

Marquis de Chateaurenard

- Type: people - mentioned

Marquis de Constantin

One of the «petits noirs de Nice», the dark young men who haunt Nice's theatre and promenade. The Mon Journal t.4 index has «Constantin (marquis de), 207, 226-227, 250-255, 266, 269…». Marie does not give a forename.

Marquis de Maupas

- Type: people - mentioned

marquis de Pascarola

- Type: people - mentioned

Marquis de Saetone

Marquis de Saporta

- Type: people - mentioned

Marquis de Tarente

[Research needed]

Marquis de Villeneuve (Villeneuve-Bonaparte)

Christian, marquis de Villeneuve-Esclapon, who married Princess Jeanne Bonaparte in 1882 ([PRINCESSE_JEANNE_BONAPARTE](PRINCESSE_JEANNE_BONAPARTE.md)) (en.wikipedia «Jeanne Bonaparte»). Marie calls him «Villeneuve-Bonaparte» and «son Villeneuve». Mon Journal t.15 index: «Villeneuve (marquis de) : 144, 178» and «Bonaparte (Villeneuve, prince de) : 169, 178».

Marquis Pascarola

Marquis Rangoni

An Italian marquis in Nice in the winter of 1876-1877 who moves in the same Roman circles as Count Oscar Angelini. Not otherwise identified (the Rangoni were a noble family of Modena).

Marquis Santasiglia

Marquise

Marquise de Galliffet

Florence Georgina Laffitte, marquise de Galliffet, wife of General Gaston de Galliffet ([GALLIFFET](../politicians/GALLIFFET.md)), whom she married in 1859 (en.wikipedia, «Gaston de Galliffet»; Mon Journal t.12 index «Gallifet (marquise), née Florence Georgina Lafitte»). Marie calls her the «intime et inséparable» of the princesse de Sagan (Jeanne Seillière).

Marquise de Piccolelis

A Naples society woman whom Count Alexandre de Larderel courted in April 1877. Marie calls her «Mme de Piccolelis» (070.0186) and «la marquise de Piccolelis» (070.0201), and spells the name several ways: Piccolelis, Piccolellis (070.0527), Piccollelis (070.0774), Picolellis (070.0521, also the tome10.docx form). The Mon Journal t.10 index has «Piccolelis (Mme), 79, 84-85, 89, 106-107, 109, 127, 129-130, 132». Not identified outside the diary.

Marquise de San Carlos

A member of Parisian high society who hosts elaborate social events during the 1881 season.

Marquise Multedo

- Type: people - mentioned

Marquise Samels

A marquise who visits the Bashkirtseff household, mentioned alongside other aristocratic visitors in Marie's satirical commentary.

Marquise Viviani

Marriage

This thematic tag collects diary paragraphs where Marie treats marriage as an *institution* — the marriage market, dowries and contracts, a wife's legal status, the calculation of a "match" (*parti*), the dread of the "old maid" (*vieille fille*), and the conflict between marriage and a woman's autonomy and artistic ambition. It is closely related to, but deliberately distinct from, [Love](LOVE.md): tag `[#Love]` for romantic feeling and specific attachments, and `[#Marriage]` for marriage as a social, legal, and economic mechanism. Many paragraphs warrant both.

Marriage Philosophy

Marseille

Major French Mediterranean port city where Piccon's separatist scandal was discussed.

Martel

[Research needed]

Martellet

[Research needed]

Marthe Maximova

Marie's nurse (*bonne*) in childhood, who taught her Russian nursery card games. The Mon Journal t.3 index has «Maximova (Marthe), 197».

Martin-Bâton

Gardener at Villa 55 who owns a poodle that resembles Lambertye.

Martinez

[Research needed]

Martinoff (the prefect of Poltava and his wife)

The head of the provincial administration at Poltava in 1876 and his wife, whom Marie visits with her father. Mon Journal t.9 index: «Martinoff (M.), préfet : 76, 78, 81» and «Martinoff (Mme), femme d'un préfet, fille du général Ogareff». Marie's father offers to take her «chez Mme Martinoff (la préfète)» (065/1876-08-25, 065.0457); on 15 September they call: Mme Martinoff, «fille du général Ogareff», was married off by the Emperor to «un M. Martinoff auquel on donna une préfecture» after a scandal with the Emperor's valet (066.0242); she is «femme du monde, bien aimable», and "le gouverneur aussi", who interrupts a committee for «une demoiselle aussi charmante» (066.0243); M. Martinoff asks how long Marie will stay with her father (066.0254). Marie calls him both «préfet» and «gouverneur» in the same pages.

Mary Sapogenikoff

Mary Stuart

Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots (1542-1587), was one of the most dramatic figures in European history — a queen from infancy, briefly Queen of France, claimant to the English throne, and ultimately executed by her cousin Elizabeth I. Her story was a favorite subject of Romantic literature and drama, notably Schiller's play *Maria Stuart* (1800).

Mary-Helen

Daughter of the Boutowsky family, showing new friendliness to Marie.

Maryx

- Type: people - mentioned

Mash

Young person attending Dina's birthday party, likely male given context.

Massa

- Type: people - mentioned

Massimo

- Type: people - mentioned

Massimo d'Azeglio

Marchese Massimo Taparelli d'Azeglio (1798-1866) was an Italian statesman, novelist, and painter. He served as Prime Minister of Sardinia-Piedmont from 1849 to 1852, preceding Cavour. As a novelist, he is best known for *Ettore Fieramosca* (1833) and *Niccolò de' Lapi* (1841), both historical novels promoting Italian national consciousness during the Risorgimento.

Mathias Duval

- Type: people - mentioned

Mathilde

Mathilde («Matildita») de Gonzalès Moreno

The daughter of the Argentine [M. de Gonzalès Moreno](GONZALES.md) and sister of [Rémy de Gonzalès](REMY_DE_GONZALES.md); a childhood companion of Marie at Baden-Baden about 1870: «je me souviens de lui chez Kazaï quand je passais avec Matildita» (016.0312). In Paris on 6 June 1874 Marie distinguishes her from her mother: «Matildita a été très contente de me voir… Madame est aimable mais… je crois qu'elle est encore jalouse de maman» (020.0145); on 27 September 1874 the father drives by «avec Madame, Mathilde et Rémy» (024.0124). In Nice in December 1875 she is «Mlle de Gonzalès» (also «Mlle de Gonzalès-Moreno», 050.1148), to whose box Audiffret goes, to Marie's jealousy (050.0668, 050.0703, 050.0983-0986, 050.1059, 050.1094-1097). In Paris in July 1877 Rémy brings her to Marie (073.0076-0077).

Mathilde Blind

[Mathilde Blind](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathilde_Blind) (1841–1896), German-born English poet and woman of letters, produced the first English translation of Marie's diary: *The Journal of Marie Bashkirtseff* (London: Cassell, 1890), made from the censored [1887 Charpentier edition](../../culture/literature/CENSORED_1887.md) and abridged further still. It remained the only English version until [Katherine Kernberger](../../culture/literature/KATHERINE_KERNBERGER.md)'s unabridged translation of 2013.

Matildita

Maufras

[Research needed]

Maurel

- Type: people - mentioned

Maurice

Maurice, a Paris horse dealer whom Marie visits in September 1874 (the Mon Journal t.4 index has «Maurice (M.), marchand de chevaux, 157, 159, 161», and t.5 p.51). A different dealer from [Mark](MARK.md) and from Fourmi (avenue Marbeuf).

Maurice de Ferreire

- Type: people - mentioned

Maurice Godard Decrais

Maurice Gros

Maurice Gros, a young man of the Nice «bataclan» (the idle fashionable set Marie despises), hanging on the arm of whoever is near and companion of [Saëtone](../recurring/SAETONE.md) and [Audiffret](../recurring/EMILE_D_AUDIFFRET.md). The Mon Journal indexes give «Gros (Maurice)» in t.1–t.7 (e.g. t.3 p.163; t.4 pp.301, 304, 341; t.6 «[Choulowsky]» pp.289, 301, 314, 325). Marie's own note at 018.0296 calls him «un homme jeune, riche, noble et même beau» who «s'encanaille».

Mavrocordato

- Type: people - mentioned

Max

Maximes (François de La Rochefoucauld)

The *Maximes* (full title *Réflexions ou sentences et maximes morales*) of François, duc de La Rochefoucauld (1613-1680) are the most famous collection of French moralist aphorisms: short, hard-edged sentences that trace human conduct back to self-love (*amour-propre*). A first, unauthorised version appeared at The Hague in 1664; the author's own first edition followed in Paris in 1665 (French Wikisource gives both dates) and the book grew through five editions in his lifetime, the last in 1678 (the numbering used in the diary footnote, no. 276, is that of the 1678 text as given on Project Gutenberg). La Rochefoucauld the writer is not to be confused with the princely family of the same name that Marie meets in society (073.0342, 073.0347).

Mayer

- Type: people - mentioned

Medaille

[Research needed]

Mediterranean

[Research needed]

Meineux

M. Meineux, brother-in-law of Marie's father (*beau-frère de papa*), uncle of [Savine](SAVINE.md). His first name is not given, nor which side of the family the tie runs through.

Melissano

- Type: people - mentioned

Melito

- Type: people - mentioned

Melle Alberti

- Type: people - mentioned

Mellerio dits Meller (jewellers)

Paris jewellery house founded in 1613 and still run by the family, at 9 rue de la Paix since the early nineteenth century (Wikipedia, "Mellerio dits Meller", gives 1815 for the move; other sources give 1832). It supplied the court and the aristocracy and won prizes at the Paris Expositions of 1867 and 1889.

melodie de Caen

- Type: people - mentioned

Mencker

A painter or artist named Mencker, present with Jules Bastien-Lepage, his brother, and Gervex at a small evening at the home of Mme Cartwright. The Mon Journal t.14 index has only «Mencker (M.) : 280».

Mendelssohn

Felix Mendelssohn (1809-1847), German Romantic composer whose Mass Marie is studying.

Mendelssohn Piano Concerto in G Minor

Felix Mendelssohn's **Piano Concerto No. 1 in G minor, Op. 25** (1830–31), premiered in Munich on 17 October 1831 with the composer as soloist. It is a brilliant three-movement work that became one of the most popular piano concertos of the 19th century, famously performed by Clara Schumann and Franz Liszt. The concerto is notable for its innovative continuous structure (all three movements played without pause) and its dazzling keyboard passagework. (Source: Wikipedia, "Piano Concerto No. 1 (Mendelssohn)".)

Menelaus

A red-haired man at the races at Vienna in August 1873, whom Marie nicknames «Menelaus der gute», with a pun on German *Laus* (louse), probably an echo of Offenbach's *La Belle Hélène*, seen in German at the Theater an der Wien (footnote at 008.0148, interpretation hedged).

Menge de Louanne

- Type: people - mentioned

Menton

Coastal town east of Nice near the Italian border, known for its mild climate and lemon groves.

Menzies

A red-haired Scotswoman (*la rousse Écossaise Menzies*) whom Marie had met at Ostend through Florence Foster and who accosts her in Nice in October 1874. The Mon Journal t.4 index has «Menzies (M.), Ecossais, 185», describing the person as male, which does not fit Marie's «elle».

Meran

- Type: places - cities

Merced

The marquis and marquise de Merced, of the household of the exiled Queen Isabella II of Spain in Paris: «la marquise de Merced, femme du chambellan» (091.0383). The Mon Journal t.13 index has «Merced (marquise de): 240»; t.14 has «Merced (marquis de) : 107-108» and «(marquise de) : 107-108». Marie also calls her «la jeune marquise de Merced» in 1880 (088.0143).

Mercier

[Research needed]

Merck

Monaco pigeon shoot participant whom Marie considers "le bon Merck" (good Merck).

Mere Georges

"La mere Georges" is the proprietress of a seaside bathing establishment in Nice. She has known both Marie Bashkirtseff and Emile d'Audiffret since they were small children, indicating she is a long-standing fixture of the Nice beachfront.

Mergejewsky

Merisano

- Type: people - mentioned

Merjeewsky

- Type: people - mentioned

Mertens

The baron and baronne de Mertens of Paris, «une dame ruinée qui tient une espèce de pension d'amis» (063.0206, July 1876), in whose house Mme de Mouzay lodges and where Marie and her aunt stay in the summer of 1877 («Me voilà à Paris, chez Mme de Mertens», 072.0289). The file covers the couple (calibration: «la baronne», «le baron», Paris 1876-77) and is used for both.

Messa da Requiem (Verdi)

Giuseppe Verdi's setting of the Latin funeral Mass for four soloists, double chorus and orchestra, written in memory of the writer Alessandro Manzoni (died 22 May 1873) and therefore also called the "Manzoni Requiem". It was first performed in the church of San Marco, Milan, on 22 May 1874, the first anniversary of Manzoni's death, with Verdi conducting; a repeat followed at La Scala on 25 May. It then travelled to Paris, where it received seven performances at the Opéra-Comique. Its movements include the Dies irae sequence with the *Lacrymosa* and the closing *Agnus Dei*. (Source: Wikipedia, "Messa da Requiem", https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messa_da_Requiem.)

Mestchersky

Metropolitan

Isidore (Nikolsky, 1799–1892), Metropolitan of Novgorod, St Petersburg and Finland from 1860 and presiding member of the Holy Synod, the senior bishop of the Russian Church (footnote at 101.0381, citing orthodoxwiki, «Isidore (Nikolsky) of St. Petersburg», and prlib.ru).

Metternich

A Metternich named once in the diary, as the other party in «le duel Montebello, Metternich» (019.0373, 27 May 1874). See [Montebello](MONTEBELLO.md).

Metz

- Type: people - mentioned

Meudon

The woods south-west of Paris, near Meudon. Marie knows them chiefly as the rides and walks from [Jouy](JOUY_EN_JOSAS.md), and once as the setting of a rumour.

Meyer

Elderly Italian gentleman in Nice society.

Meyer (the old gardener)

The Bashkirtseff–Babanine family's old gardener in Russia. Not the elderly Italian Meyer of Nice society in 1874 ([#Meyer](../mentioned/MEYER.md)).

Mgr Frédéric de Falloux du Coudray

A prelate of the Roman Curia at the palazzo Ruspoli to whom Marie's family carries a letter of introduction; he helps them obtain an audience at the Vatican. The project footnote to 052/1876-01-10 identifies him as Frédéric de Falloux du Coudray (1807-1884), regent of the Apostolic Chancery, later cardinal (1877), not his brother the legitimist writer Alfred de Falloux.

Micaletti

Marie's Italian language teacher who began lessons on March 17, 1872, in Nice. Marie mentions being satisfied with her Italian lessons as well as her English lessons on February 12, 1873.

Micha

Michel

Michel Eristoff

Michel Gautier (Michka)

Michel Gautier, called «Michka», is the brother of Albert Gautier («Pepino»), one of the young men of Emile d'Audiffret's circle in Nice. Kernberger (2013, footnote to the entry of 5 February 1877) identifies the Michka of that evening as Gautier's brother, and her glossary lists "Gautier, Michel: dinner party guest".

Michel Hamsley

- Type: people - mentioned

Michel Orloff

Prince Michel Orloff, a neighbour of the Poltava circle in 1881 (Mon Journal t.14 index: «Orloff (prince Michel) : 118, 144»), not the ambassador [Prince Orloff](../aristocracy/PRINCE_ORLOFF.md) (Nikolai Orlov, ambassador in Paris).

Michel-Ange (Michelangelo)

Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564), the Florentine sculptor, painter, and architect, one of the towering figures of the High Renaissance. Marie refers to him by the French form of his name, "Michel-Ange," which was standard usage in French-language writing of the period.

Michelazzi

Michelazzi, Marie's teacher of Latin and Italian in Nice in autumn 1874 (Mon Journal t.4 index: «Michelazzi (M.), professeur de latin et d'italien, 232»).

Michele Gordigiani

Michele Gordigiani (1835–1909), Florentine portrait painter (en.wikipedia «Michele Gordigiani»). The Mon Journal t.10 index has «Gordigiani (Michel), (peintre), 158, 163, 170, 252»; he signs his letter of November 1877 «Michel Gordigiani» (076.0052).

Michelet

- Type: people - mentioned

Michelezzi

Michelezzi (first name unknown) was Marie Bashkirtseff's Italian teacher in Nice during 1873. He is mentioned in Marie's September 15, 1873 diary entry when she proudly describes speaking Italian for the first time, causing her teacher to nearly "faint or throw himself out the window" with surprise or delight.

Mignon (Ambroise Thomas)

*Mignon* is an opéra-comique in three acts by Ambroise Thomas (1811-1896) to a libretto by Jules Barbier and Michel Carré, drawn from Goethe's novel *Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre* (1795-96). It was first performed at the Opéra-Comique, Paris, on 17 November 1866 and became one of the most popular French operas of the century (Wikipedia, "Mignon (Thomas)"). Mignon is a girl kidnapped from Italy and held by a troupe of gypsies; she is rescued by Wilhelm and sings of the lost homeland in "Connais-tu le pays où fleurit l'oranger?" (from Goethe's poem "Kennst du das Land"). The title is also the name of the character, and the glossary tag covers both the opera and Mignon the girl as Marie identifies with her.

Mihdah Pacha

Marie's "Mihdah Pacha" is the Ottoman statesman Midhat Pasha (1822-1884), former grand vizier and author of the 1876 constitution, in the news in 1877. She notes him at the theatre in Rome on 1877-03-20 (069, "Mihdah Pacha. Bikowsky avec ses cousines s'asseyent près de nous"). Dates: standard reference data, not from the diary.

Mikhail Lermontov

Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov (1814-1841) was one of Russia's greatest Romantic poets, second only to Pushkin in literary fame. Marie mentions him as a contemporary of her maternal grandfather.

Milan

- Type: places - cities

Milan Obrenović (Milan I of Serbia)

Milan Obrenović (1854–1901), Prince of Serbia from 1868 and King of Serbia (as Milan I) from 1882 until his abdication in 1889. On 17 October 1875 (New Style; 5 October Old Style) he married, in Belgrade, Natalija Keško, the girl Marie calls "Kechko", who was his second cousin (Wikipedia, "Milan I of Serbia"; "Natalie of Serbia").

Millet

Jean-François Millet (1814–1875), French painter of the Barbizon school, painter of peasants (*The Gleaners*, *The Angelus*); born at Gruchy, died at Barbizon (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-François_Millet). Not the sculptor [Aimé Millet](../artists/AIME_MILLET.md).

Miloradovitch

Minerve

Minerva (Greek Athena), goddess of wisdom and of crafts. Three different uses in the diary: the gold-and-ivory statue of Athena Parthenos by Phidias in the Parthenon (footnote at 026.0034); a ruined little temple of Minerva seen in Rome (066.0369); and the goddess who inspires Nausicaa in the *Odyssey* (098.0598).

Ministere de l interieur

- Type: people - mentioned

Mirabeau

[Research needed]

Mirafiore

Emanuele Alberto Guerrieri, conte di Mirafiore e Fontanafredda (1851-1894), son of King Victor Emmanuel II and Rosa Vercellana, «la Bela Rosin» (en.wikipedia «Rosa Vercellana»). In 1873 he married Bianca (Blanche) de Larderel, sister of Alexandre de Larderel (thepeerage.com p4516). Kernberger (2013, glossary): «Mirafiore, Count: brother-in-law of Larderel».

Mirage (charcoal project, 1877)

On **11 June 1877** at Nice Marie writes that she has also "préparé au fusain un *tableau*" (072.0002): a desolate beach with a tall palm in the foreground, under which she herself stands with arms stretched to the horizon, head thrown back in distress. In the clouds appear the dome of St Peter's, the cathedral of Florence, Vesuvius. [#Dina](../../people/core/DINA.md) kneels beside her in deep dejection; the dog Pincio imitates Marie's tense pose "autant qu'un chien le peut" towards "le Mirage". On a bench at the right sit the aunt, Mme Kondareff and her mother, very sad, with the dog Prater at her mother's feet; small arrows rise from above their heads towards a roulette wheel in the sky (Monaco). [#Walitsky](../../people/recurring/WALITSKY.md) with a similar arrow wrings his hands before an empty purse; the dogs Victor and Bagatelle watch, puzzled; Lise does nothing; and her grandfather, in a dressing gown, turns his back on all and holds out a hand to Renard. The figures are to be "hauts de dix centimètres seulement". A marginal note says: "L'idée de ce tableau appartient à Dina" (072.0003).

Miss Branko

Miss Branko, a woman at Spa in summer 1874, known to be mad or eccentric (Mon Journal t.3 index: «Branko (Mlle), 260»). Marie uses her name as a byword in a repartee.

Miss Elder

Miss Elder was Marie Bashkirtseff's English governess or teacher in Nice during 1873. As was common among aristocratic Russian families, English governesses were employed to teach language, deportment, and provide cultural education to young ladies.

Miss Fishburn

- Type: people - mentioned

Miss Foster

- Type: people - mentioned

Miss Hall

Miss Hungerford

A racehorse, not a woman: Miss Hungerford ran in the big steeplechase at Auteuil on 26 May 1874, in the rain, with President MacMahon and the duchesse de Magenta in their stands. Twenty-one horses were to take three rounds, with twenty-one obstacles and four rivers.

Miss Macainne

The tall sister of the English officer [Macainne](MACAINNE.md), met with her family at Spa in the summer of 1874 (020.0419) and seen again at Nice that winter. The Mon Journal indexes list the sisters separately from the brother (t.4 pp.79, 241; t.6 pp.159, 339). Her first name is not given.

Miss Richards

An English-speaking student («Miss») in the women's atelier of the [Académie Julian](../../places/schools/JULIAN.md), 1880–82. The Mon Journal t.14 index has «Richards (Miss), élève à l'atelier Julian : 60». Her first name and nationality are not given in the diary.

Miss Robenson

Miss Robenson

A young American woman, "la Pointue Américaine" in Marie's nickname, whom Marie meets at Spa in 1874 and who is her rival for Audiffret's attention in Nice in 1875. The Mon Journal t.6 index lists "Robenson (Miss), [la Pointue] [l'Olive]" and a sister. First name not given.

Miss Smith (Florence)

An English or American lady of Florence «qui a un des salons les plus élégants de Florence», to whom Miss Hall, Marie's American acquaintance at Schlangenbad, offers her a letter of introduction in August 1877 (073.0265). Mon Journal t.10 index «Smith (Miss), 286, 293-294». Not the Paris furniture shop [Smith](../../places/shops/SMITH.md).

Miss Webb

Miss Webb, an English or American woman painter of Marie's Paris studio circle, who in 1881 visited her picture with Mlle de Mertens and Anna Klumpke and in 1883 is a correspondent at Concarneau. The Mon Journal t.16 index has «Webb (Miss) : 53»; the 1881 «Weeb» is the same name misspelt (an inference).

Missak Effendi

A diplomat of the Ottoman embassy in Paris, a musician and amateur sculptor, regular guest of the Bashkirtseffs in 1883–1884: «Missak de l'ambassade de Turquie» (098.0215, 29 January 1883); «le turc Missak qui est musicien, sculpteur, aimable comme tous les diplomates» (103.0605). Mon Journal indexes: t.15 «Missak-Effendi (M.) : 174, 222»; t.16 «Missak-Effendi (M.), compositeur : 154, 168, 184, 195, 198, 208, …». Not Lagnadès Effendi, another Turk of the circle ([LAGNADES_EFFENDI](LAGNADES_EFFENDI.md)).

Mistigri

- Type: people - mentioned

Mitchell

[Research needed]

Mlle Acard

Mlle Alexandrine (Dolmatoff)

The young companion («demoiselle de compagnie») of Mme Doubelt, the general's wife of St Petersburg whom the Bashkirtseffs meet in Naples in autumn 1877 and again in Paris. Marie calls her «la demoiselle de la Générale, Mlle Alexandrine» (075/1877-10-28, 075.0470). Surname uncertain: the Mon Journal t.11 index has «Doubelt (Mlle Alexandrine)» (pp.32, 38-39, 44) and, separately, «Dolmatoff (Alexandrine Mlle)» (p.31), the latter matching the box-party line «Mme Doubelt, Melle Dolmatoff (parente et demoiselle de compagnie)» (075/1877-10-20, 075.0362, tagged DOLMATOFF); the t.12 index reads «Alexandrine (Mlle), dame de compagnie de Mme Doubelt» (p.27). The index itself gives Mlle Dolmatoff the forename Alexandrine, the page numbers are consecutive and the role is the same: she is **Mlle Alexandrine Dolmatoff**, a relative of Mme Doubelt and her companion (called «Doubelt» in one index entry by association). DOLMATOFF is to be merged into this entry (decision of 2026-10-22).

Mlle Antonsky

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mlle Bellotti

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mlle Betalli

A young woman Marie met at the Howard residence on February 28, 1873.

Mlle Billamois

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mlle Blanc (Marie-Félix Blanc)

Marie-Félix Blanc (1859–1882), daughter of François Blanc (1806–1877), who ran the casino of Monte Carlo; she married Prince Roland Bonaparte on 17 November 1880 and died in 1882, a month after the birth of their daughter (footnotes at 090.0234 and 097.0349; en.wikipedia «Roland Bonaparte»).

Mlle Boumini (daughter of Tamburini)

A woman identified in the diary as "Boumini la fille de Tambourini" — Boumini, the daughter of (Antonio) Tamburini. She is found at Mme de Mouzay's salon in Nice in June 1873. The name "Boumini" is almost certainly her married name (she may have married into a family named Boumini/Baumini).

Mlle Collignon

Mademoiselle Collignon is one of the most enduring figures in Marie's life, present across virtually the entire diary from the first carnet to the last. She enters as Marie's French governess and English teacher in Nice (hired before the diary begins, from at least January 12, 1872), is dramatically dismissed in May 1873 after escalating conflicts, yet returns as a close family friend and confidante who remains in Marie's orbit for the rest of her life. She dies of tuberculosis in late October 1881, approximately eight years after Dr Walitsky first diagnosed her terminal condition.

Mlle Combie

A young woman known to the Bashkirtseff family, encountered at Nice station on May 22, 1873, traveling with the Rice family (Mme Rice, her brother, and her cousin) toward Geneva and Lyon. The Bashkirtseffs joined their group for the train journey. Marie describes her as an acquaintance ("que nous connaissions") without further detail.

Mlle de Fodoas

Mlle de Faudoas, a chanoinesse (a lay canoness, an honorary title of noble unmarried women), an acquaintance of the Gavini household whom Marie meets in Paris in 1878–1879. The print spells her name two ways: «Mlle de Fodoas, la chanoinesse» (084.0030, 15 January 1879; Mon Journal t.12 index «Fodoas (Mme de), chanoinesse : 199») and «La chanoinesse de Faudoas» (085.0529, 11 July 1879; t.13 index «Faudoas (Mlle de), chaoinesse : 56»). Faudoas is an old noble family of Gascony; «Fodoas» is probably a phonetic spelling of it.

Mlle de Galve

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mlle de Persigny

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mlle de Peyronny ("Mimie"), Étincelle's daughter

The young daughter of the *Figaro* columnist [Étincelle](../writers/ETINCELLE.md) (Marie Biard, vicomtesse de Peyronny). fr.wikipedia («Marie Biard») names Étincelle's daughter Camille; the Mon Journal indexes have «Etincelle (Mlle Mimi) : 143, 187» (t.15) and «Peyronney (Mlle de) : 163, 187, 191» (t.16). Marie writes the family name «Peyronney».

Mlle de Reszke

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mlle de Sampieri

[Research needed]

Mlle Durand

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mlle Falkenstein

Mlle Feurgard

Mlle Feurgard was a young painter who joined the women's atelier at [Julian](../../places/schools/JULIAN.md) in December 1882. Marie introduces her as the intimate friend of [Louise Breslau](../artists/LOUISE_BRESLAU.md), and it is through her that the Breslau quarrel takes a new turn.

Mlle Franchino

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mlle Gaspard

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mlle Herminie Hirschler

Young Viennese woman, friend of Sophie Warrodel.

Mlle Jeanne

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mlle Kolokolzoff

Mlle Kolokolzoff (Sophie Grigorievna, «Sonitchka»)

Mlle Sophie Grigorievna Kolokolzoff (Marie also writes Kolokoltzoff), an unmarried Russian lady of the Nice colony, called «Sonitchka» or «Sonka» by the family. Mon Journal t.2 index: «Kolokolzoff (Mlle Sophie) [Sonka], [Sonitchka], 56, 60, 177-178, 249»; t.1: «Grigorievna (Sophie) [Sonitchka], 43», «Kolokolzoff (Mlle), 91, 146»; t.3: «Kolokolzoff (Mlle Sophie)»; t.8: «Kolokoltzoff (Mlle) : 269». The identity of «Sonitchka» with Mlle Kolokolzoff is in Marie's own text: the bouquets thrown to «Sonitchka … *Sophie Grigorievna*» at the carnival of 23 February 1873 (002.0071, 002.0073) are «les bouquets [que je jetais] à Mlle Kolokolzoff» when she recalls the scene (009.0146). She is not Marie's aunt Sophie Tutcheff ([Sophie](SOPHIE.md)).

Mlle Levert

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mlle Marie Léontievna Oelsnitz

Marie's paid companion (*demoiselle de compagnie*) in Paris from August 1878 to August 1881. The Mon Journal t.14 index names her «Oelsnitz (Marie Léontievna), demoiselle de compagnie de Marie : 81, 98, 109, 138, 144, 186, 193»; the t.10 index lists her as «Leontievna (Marie)» and her father as «Elsnitz (baron)» (see the RSR note at 071/1877-05-14).

Mlle Mechtchersky

A young Russian princess of the Mechtchersky family in Rome in 1876, courted by Duke Clément Torlonia. Not identified further; her first name is never given. Mon Journal t.7 index: «Mechtchersky (Mlle) : 207, 276-277, 280», kept apart from «Mechtchersky (prince)» and «Mechtchersky (princesse)», presumably her parents. The family stubs PRINCE_MECHTCHERSKY, MESTCHERSKY and PRINCE_ET_PRINCESSE_MECHTCHERSKI are not about her.

Mlle Oelsnitz

Mlle Pelikan

A daughter of M. [Pelikan](PELIKAN.md) in 1880, distinct from Zoé Pelikan (see [Zoé Pelikan](ZOE_PELIKAN.md)), who by then was married to the son of Mme Cross. Marie says «La fille de Pélikan, Mlle Pélikan est arrivée avec Mme Cross dont le fils a épousé Zoé Pélikan que j'ai connue à Nice» (088.0164), so this is another daughter, or a sister of Zoé; the diary does not say which.

Mlle Rice

Mlle Rosalie

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mlle Rouher

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mlle Schaeppi

Mlle Skobeleff

A young lady of the Skobelev family named once, in Marie's list of the marriages of 1874: «J'oublie un grand mariage, le grand-duc Nicolas, fils de Constantin, épouse Mlle Skobeleff sœur de la princesse Belocelsky» (017.0322, Nice, 15 March 1874). The paragraph is a string of gossip that closes its previous item with «Ce n'est qu'un *on dit* d'ailleurs»; the marriage is Marie's report of a rumour, and it did not take place. Grand Duke Nicholas Konstantinovich was disgraced a few weeks later (April 1874) over the diamonds taken from his mother's icon, declared insane and exiled from the capital, and married Nadezhda Alexandrovna von Dreyer, not a Skobeleva (Wikipedia, «Grand Duke Nicholas Konstantinovich of Russia»; see [Grand Duke Nicolas](../aristocracy/GRAND_DUKE_NICOLAS.md)).

Mlle Tanska

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mlle Tchernitsky ("la Cerny")

Mlle Tchernitsky is a Russian singer and general hanger-on of the Russian colony in Paris who is called "la Cerny" in the diary from 1879 to 1882 and "Tchernitsky" (once "Tchernisky") from December 1881 onwards. They are the same person: Marie explains it herself on 31 January 1880 -- "la Tchernitsky (de Cerny nom de carrière)" (087.0394) -- and in April 1879 "Mlle Cernitsky, read Cerny for the theatre" (085.0026). Her first name and dates are not known; no source outside the diary has been found.

Mlle Virginie G

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mlles Martinoff (the Martinoff girls and their aunt)

Young Russian ladies of the society Marie knows from Naples, with their aunt (called «duchesse Martinoff»), who go from resort to resort in search of a husband. Mon Journal t.14 index: «Martinoff (Mlles) : 204-205»; t.15 index: «Martinoff (Mlle) : 260, 275, 320» and «Martinoff (Mme duchesse) : 276».

Mme Abaza

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Abaza (née Dietrich), of Poltava

A Poltava lady whom Marie first knew as Mlle Dietrich: «J'ai été chez Mlle Dietrich qui, devenue Mme Abaza, ne m'a pas rendue ma visite» (067.0619, 067/1876-11-02). The Mon Journal t.9 index has «Abaza (Mme) (née Dietrich) : 122, 164-165», separately from «Abaza (M.) : 76, 164, 165». Her first name and her husband's are not given.

Mme Abbatucci

[Research needed]

Mme Adam

[Research needed]

Mme Adeline

Mme Akenlieff

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Albani

Mme Allen

Woman in Nice society described as "très, très aimable."

Mme Amélie Gioia

She is one of the most frequently referenced figures in the diary across its first seven years, appearing in approximately 40 carnets (001-086) and referenced over 200 times. She served two narrative functions: first as the Duke of Hamilton's mistress and Marie's romantic rival (1873-1874), then as Emile d'Audiffret's lover and Marie's social rival (1875-1876), and finally as a figure of nostalgic reflection (1877-1879).

Mme Angel

Mme Angel, a Russian lady of thirty-five whom Marie meets at Nice in autumn 1874 and nicknames «Ange» (Angel in French) because «Ange a la voix et le caractère plutôt d'un hussard que d'un ange» (025.0108). Mon Journal t.4 index: «Angel (Mme): [Ange], 180–185, 187–189, 192, 196…»; «Angel (M.), 202, 204, 209» for her husband; also t.3 pp.183, 199 and t.5 pp.28, 32, 82, 96.

Mme Anitchkoff

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Antonsky

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Arnaud de Ariege

Mme Arnaud de l Ariege

[Research needed]

Mme Balagny

Mme Balagny

A French lady of Nice society, «une vieille connaissance de Nice» (063.0611, 18 July 1876), whom the Bashkirtseffs meet at the comtesse de Mouzay's and later see in Paris; her husband is mentioned with her (017.0036 «M. et Mme Balagny»; 082.0268 «De Mme Balagny et son mari»). Mon Journal indexes: t.3 «Balagny (M.), 86», «Balagny (Mme), 83, 86»; t.8 «Balagny (Mme) : 299»; t.12 «Balagny (M.) / (Mme) : 107»; t.13 «Balagny (Mme) : 192». The forenames are not given.

Mme Basilevitch

Mme Basilewsky

The mother of Mme Doubelt and, by that, of the other Basilewsky daughters (Princess Souvoroff, Mme Kondareff, Mme Smelsky), a Russian multimillionaire widow of seventy-one in 1883 (presumably the wife of the old [Basilewsky](BASILEWSKY.md), the gold-mine owner of 075.0121; the diary does not say so). Marie reports the gossip, which she presents as hearsay, that the Metropolitan [Isidore](ISIDORE.md) of St Petersburg, aged eighty-four, has for years been tied to her «par une amitié que l'on dit criminelle».

Mme Baudouin

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Beketoff

Russian woman in Nice society whom Marie once mistook the Viennese girl for.

Mme Belletti

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Belli

A woman of Poltava society in 1876, in the household of [Mme Miloradovitch](MME_MILORADOVITCH.md), Gritz's mother. The Mon Journal t.9 index has «Belli (Mme) : 38, 43, 48, 104». Her first name and background are not given.

Mme Bellotti

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Bianchi

Mme Bianchi, whose box at the Comédie-Française on the Tuesday subscription nights Mme Gavini has inherited («le mardi des abonnés»). Nothing else is said of her; she is not in the Mon Journal t.12 index lines checked.

Mme Boje

Mme Boje, a Swedish woman living in Paris, wife of M. Boje, a former chamberlain of the King of Sweden; in the winter of 1877-78 the reputed mistress of Paul de Cassagnac (see [Cassagnac](../recurring/CASSAGNAC.md)), whom Marie is half in love with. Marie first knows her only as «la femme hongroise», then identifies her: «La femme hongroise se nomme Mme Boje. Elle est mariée à M. Boje, ancien chambellan du roi de Suède. Pas de revenus connus, pas mal d'argent. On étudie le chant et on paye quarante francs par leçon […] Vingt-cinq ans, en paraît trente. Peau blanche donnant dans le jaune et parcheminée» (077.0522, 1878-02-01). The information comes from the Mouzays and from Marie's Swedish fellow students at Julian's.

Mme Boyd

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Bravura

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Canepa

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Cartright

Mme Cartwright

An American lady in Paris, "très belle, très riche", who receives many artists in a mixed society and protects Louise Breslau; she knows Bastien-Lepage and Marie hopes to use her to reach him.

Mme Casa Riera

[Research needed]

Mme Connau

Singer performing in Nice concerts.

Mme Coube

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Crémieux

A Parisian society woman whom Marie meets at the soirées of [Mme de Mouzay](MOUZAY.md) in the spring of 1880. She is named only as «Mme Crémieux», twice, and nothing is said about her beyond her presence.

Mme d Agostino

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme d Aubigny

Mme d'Aubigny, wife of the secretary of the French embassy in Berlin in spring 1881; the Mon Journal t.14 index has «Aubigny d'M., secrétaire Ambassade de France à Berlin : 141» and «Aubigny d'Mme : 141».

Mme d'Audiffret

The wife of Léon d'Audiffret of the Tour Audiffret at Nice ([LEON_D_AUDIFFRET](LEON_D_AUDIFFRET.md)) and stepmother of Emile d'Audiffret ([EMILE_D_AUDIFFRET](../recurring/EMILE_D_AUDIFFRET.md)); mother of the girls Marie ([MARIE_D_AUDIFFRET](MARIE_D_AUDIFFRET.md)) and Dolorès. Marie meets her in Paris on 11 April 1880: «Chez elle je fais connaissance de Mme d'Audiffret, la belle-mère de l'illustre Emile d'Audiffret et de ses filles Marie et Dolorès» (087.0833). Per Kernberger (2013), «Mme Audiffret» is Emile's stepmother (see EMILE_D_AUDIFFRET).

Mme d'Auzac

Part of the "troïka" of prefectural society women in Nice, along with Mmes del Borgo and de Bargemsat.

Mme Dachkevitch

Woman in Nice/Monaco society whom Marie found sympathetic.

Mme Daniloff

Mme de Ballore

A French aristocratic woman in the Nice social circle, part of the Bashkirtseff family's regular social network alongside Mme de Mouzay and Mme de Daillens. Marie refers to her also as "Vicomtesse de Ballore" and "de Ballote" (variant spelling). She is listed among the loyal friends who did not turn against the Bashkirtseff family during their period of social difficulty (carnet 052, 1876-01-19: "de Mouzay, de Daillens, de Ballote et ses filles, Barnola..." — those who "ne nous ont pas craché dessus").

Mme de Balorre

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme de Boishebert

Mme de Boishébert, Amélie, marquise de Boishébert, wife of Raoul marquis de Boishébert; the Mon Journal t.13 index has «Boishébert (Amélie, Mme de) : 36, 40, 59, 95» and «(Raoul marquis de) : 36, 72», t.14 «Boishebert Mme de) : 129». In 1879 society gossip made her the mistress of Paul de Cassagnac, and a Mlle de Linselles claimed she was also the lover of Marie's brother Paul.

Mme de Brimond

---

Mme de Camprien

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme de Cassagnac

Mme de Fayet

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme de Hohenlohe

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme de Jolly

Mme de Jolly, one of the «ravissant trio» of beauties (Mmes de Reverseaux, Thouvenel and de Jolly) in Paris society in January 1882; the Mon Journal t.14 index has «Jolly (M. de) : 274» and «Jolly (Mme) : 280».

Mme de La Valette

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme de Lesseps

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme de Marcilly

[Research needed]

Mme de Mortsauf

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme de Mouchy

Mme de Mouzay

Mme de Peyronney

Mme de Peyronney (Étincelle) and her family

Mme de Pourtales

Mélanie, comtesse de Pourtalès (1836–1914), born Louise Sophie Mélanie Renouard de Bussière, a Strasbourg-born beauty and hostess of the Second Empire, lady-in-waiting to Empress Eugénie, wife since 1857 of the financier Edmond de Pourtalès; she died on 5 May 1914 (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mélanie_de_Pourtalès; BnF data.bnf.fr/12550745). Renoir painted her in 1870.

Mme de Rainbouille

[Research needed]

Mme de Senarclens

A Swiss baroness staying with her son at the Rome hotel of the Bashkirtseffs in April 1876, met at the table d'hôte. Marie names her once: «Mme de Senarclens (la grosse baronne) est chez nous» (056.0515). Mon Journal t.7 index: «Senarclens (Mme de) : 211, 214-215, 217, 225, 241, 244» and «Senarclens (de), fils : 241, 244». Not identified further. The son has no file of his own.

Mme de Souza

[Research needed]

Mme de Tanlay

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme del Borgo

Part of the "troïka" of prefectural society women in Nice, along with Mmes d'Auzac and de Bargemsat.

Mme Dimitri Kanschine

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Doubelt

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Dumas

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Durand

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Emnaus

"Vieille Américaine" (old American woman) who hosts balls in Nice.

Mme Eristoff

A bare «Mme Eristoff» occurs in the diary text twice, never with a forename, and no paragraph carries the tag. It cannot be the same woman both times.

Mme Fabbricatore

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Gaillard (Louise, comtesse de Quincy)

Louise, widowed comtesse de Quincy, who married the lawyer-poet and later Vaucluse deputy Jules Gaillard ([GAILLARD](../politicians/GAILLARD.md)). Mon Journal t.13 index: «Quincy (Mme Louise, future Mme Gaillard) : 299, 301, 306, 309-311»; t.15 index: «Gaillard (Mme), née de Quincey» (Quincy was her married name, not her maiden name).

Mme Galletti

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Gaupillat

A social acquaintance of Marie's in Paris, spring 1880. Visited Marie on 27 May 1880 ("Madame Gaupillat a passé"). Marie made a sketch (*pochade*) of her, completed by 12 June 1880 ("J'ai fini la pochade de Mme Gaupillat"). She appears as a minor figure in the Parisian bourgeois-aristocratic social circuit that Marie frequented.

Mme Gauthreau

Mme Gauthereau (Marie's spelling at 103.0551: «Gautereau»), a society beauty in Paris, hostess of a Wednesday salon; the Mon Journal t.14 index has «Gauthereau (Mme) : 278». Probably the same woman as the «Mme Gautereau» of 103.0551 who has a nose «à l'antique» (an inference from the name and the 'beauty' context).

Mme Gorpintchenko

Elena Pavlovna Gorpintchenko, mother of [#Pacha](PACHA.md) (Paul Gorpintchenko) and of Mme Sperandio ([#Sperandio](SPERANDIO.md)'s wife), of the Poltava/Kharkov circle.

Mme Hamsley

Woman in Marie's social circle who went on carriage ride with Machenka and a violin-playing gentleman.

Mme Hamsley

Mme Helene

Mme Hélène, a travelling companion of the Bashkirtseff family in spring 1882 who knows Antonelli and the circle at Nice. Not Hélène Howard (see [HELENE_HOWARD](../recurring/HELENE_HOWARD.md)); the Mon Journal t.14 index was checked and has no «Hélène» line.

Mme Henriette

A woman called Mme Henriette whom Paul teases Marie by comparing her to, in July 1874 at Spa: «Mme Henriette, qui ramenait une demi-douzaine de fous et deux aliénés», i.e. a keeper of madmen. The Mon Journal t.3 index has «Henriette, employée d'hôtel, 249, 260», probably the same person (hotel staff at Spa, page 249 and 260 are in the Spa chapter).

Mme Howard

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Indebetten

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Jacob (fortune-teller)

A fortune-teller Marie consults in Paris in March 1880. Her prophecy ("Vous serez riche, millionnaire"; a man whom Marie reads as Joseph Arnaud) gives Marie a running joke.

Mme Kabniline

A woman in Geneva from whom M. Yourkoff borrowed a riding habit (amazone) for Marie during the Bashkirtseffs' brief Geneva visit in May 1873. She appears to have been part of the Russian social circle in Geneva.

Mme Kanchine

A Russian lady in Paris in the early 1880s, with two daughters, who received on Sunday evenings at 11 rue Murillo (098.0208). Marie's mother and aunt go to her house from January 1883; Marie herself goes only reluctantly. Her first name, husband and family could not be established: the name Kanchine (also written "Kanckine" in the manuscript) does not turn up in any source found, and the spelling may be a transliteration of Kantchine or similar.

Mme Ketly

Mme Ketly, wife of a M. Tchernichoff, said to have poisoned his first wife; mentioned by Marie as the lady he married. Not in the Mon Journal t.4 index under this spelling.

Mme Kondareff

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Korsikoff

Russian woman in Nice society whom Marie particularly dislikes.

Mme Koulichoff

Russian married woman in Nice society. Marie finds her appearance unattractive.

Mme Lacon

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Lafontaine

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Laloff

Mme Laloff, wife of a M. Laloff of Geneva; the Mon Journal t.4 index has «Laloff (Mme), 185, 321». Nina Sapogenikoff's children nicknamed the couple Ménélas and Hélène, hinting at a fickle wife.

Mme Lancaster

Mme Leon

Mme Rosalie Léon, a Paris demi-mondaine, in the Mon Journal indexes «Léon (Mme Rosalie), demi-mondaine» (t.4 pp.154, 164, 182, 228–229; t.5 pp.55–56, 212; t.6 p.102). Marie hears that a dealer is furnishing her flat for «le prince» Blackprince.

Mme Léon Bertaux (Hélène Bertaux)

Hélène Bertaux, née Pilate, known professionally as Mme Léon Bertaux (Paris 1825 – Saint-Michel-de-Chavaignes 1909), was a French sculptor. In 1881 she founded the Union des femmes peintres et sculpteurs and was its first president until 1894; the Union held its first annual exhibition, the "Salon des femmes", in January 1882. She campaigned for women's admission to the École des Beaux-Arts and was the first woman awarded a first-class medal, at the Exposition universelle of 1889 (Wikipedia, "Hélène Bertaux" and "Union of Women Painters and Sculptors"; Ministère de la Culture, collections page "Hélène Bertaux (1825-1909)").

Mme Lisander

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Loukowkine

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Mackay (Bastien-Lepage's friend)

"Mme Mackay" in the diary is, for almost every mention, the woman Marie believes to be the lover of the painter Jules Bastien-Lepage in 1882-1884. Her real identity is not established. Marie takes care, the first time she names her, to say that she is *not* the famous one: "Mme Mackay (pas la richissime) la Mackay Bastien" (098.0101, 21 January 1883). What the diary and Marie's informants say about her:

Mme Magnan

A fellow student in the women's atelier of the [Académie Julian](../../places/schools/JULIAN.md) in 1880–81, wife of the psychiatrist Valentin Magnan. The Mon Journal t.14 index has «Magnan (Valentin), médecin : 57» and «Magnan (Mme) épouse du précédent, élève à l'atelier Julian : 47, 57». Her first name is not given.

Mme Markevitch

Mme Miloradovitch (Elisaveta Ivanovna, née Skoropadska)

A Poltava lady of the old hetman family Skoropadsky, mother of Gritz Miloradovitch and an old acquaintance of Marie's mother. Marie: «Elisaveta Ivanovna, Mme Miloradovitch, née Skoropatsky. Les Skoropatsky ont été hetmans de la Petite-Russie» (065.0007, 065/1876-08-17). The Mon Journal t.9 index has «Miloradovitch (Mme Lisaveta Ivanovna), née Skoropatsky».

Mme Mongruel

A Paris somnambule (clairvoyant in magnetic trance) whom Marie consults with Mme de Mouzay and her aunt on 17 July 1876 (063.0346). Marie describes the sleeper as «une Anglaise blonde et excessivement belle mais pas de la première jeunesse», put to sleep by a fat, ugly woman magnetiser (063.0348). The sleeper is the one Marie later calls Mongruel: the somnambule's «ce rival disparaît comme assassiné» (063.0364) is quoted next day as «— Un rival qui disparaît comme assassiné, a dit Mongruel» (063, 1876-07-18), and the seaside prophecy (063.0439) is recalled as «Mme Mongruel a ajouté…» (064, 1876-07-31).

Mme Mortier

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Muhle

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Muliner

Mme Muliner, wife of M. Muliner, «un homme des tropiques», and friend of Mme Moreno (Mon Journal t.3 index: «Muliner (M.), 233-234», «Muliner (Mme), 234»). Not to be confused with Moliner, a Spaniard met at Longchamp in 1880 ([MOLINER](MOLINER.md)).

Mme Nachet

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Narichkine

Russian aristocratic woman, aunt of Prince Tchetvertinski. Part of the Russian nobility in Nice.

Mme Needham

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Outine

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Paskevitch

The wife of [#M. Paskevitch](../mentioned/PASKEVITCH.md), a Russian diplomat (first secretary of embassy, 040/1875-08-27-28); Marie knew her from Baden-Baden and from Nice as the companion of Carlo Hamilton, the Duke of Hamilton's brother ([#Carlo_Hamilton](CARLO_HAMILTON.md)). Her first name is not given in the diary. Marie writes of her with curiosity and some envy of a woman who has «tout obtenu».

Mme Patton

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Paul de Cassagnac

Mme Pereira

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Presseq

A woman of letters of over fifty-five, art critic of the journal "Le Pays" under the pen name Paul de Charry, who lived with or worked for Paul de Cassagnac as a housekeeper ("gouvernante") according to what Mouzay told Marie. She seeks Marie's acquaintance in the spring of 1883 through the comte de la Ferrière.

Mme Pristitiff

Woman acquaintance whom Marie planned to engage with playfully during carnival festivities.

Mme Prodgers

Mme Prodgers

Mrs (Mme) E. Prodgers, the English hostess of Nice's foreign colony, who lived at 17 Promenade des Anglais («la célèbre Prodgers», 040.0072; address on a mock-letter, 053.0083). Marie sees her as the local «reine» of society: «Mme Prodgers qui depuis tant d'années amuse, rassemble le monde, égaye toute la ville, reçoit plus que personne» (050.0332). She belongs to the Nice set (Lewin, Durand, Vigier, Saëtone) that Marie's family regards as not quite received elsewhere: on 23 April 1874 they discuss «Lewin, de la Durand et de la Prodgers» in the same breath as the Gioia, whom they say Paris would not receive (018.0359). The Mon Journal t.1 index calls her «Prodgers (Mme), Anglaise»; later tomes also list «Prodgers (M.)» (her husband, slapped in the street by Georges, 034.0344) and «Prodgers (Mlle/Mlles)» (a daughter, 034.0186). Her first name is not given; a 1876 footnote calls her «an English/Irish woman of ambiguous social standing» (063.0114). The identification beyond the diary is open.

Mme Randouin

Mme Recamier

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Rembelinsky

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Richaud

Mme Richaud, a lady of Nice society whom maman visits in February 1873 (002.0128) and who is part of the Promenade crowd of 1873 (011.0013); in Paris in 1880 «Mesdames Gavini et Richaud» call on Marie (087.0687, 087.0726). Not identified further.

Mme Rouher

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Sabatier

A society hostess in Nice who hosted a ball during the carnival season of February 1873.

Mme Salneuve

A visitor to the Bashkirtseff household in Nice. Her social standing and relationship to the family remain unclear from initial diary references.

Mme Sapogenikoff

Mme Sarasin de Bock

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Sarlande

Mme Sarlande, née Levert, wife of the politician François Albert Sarlande (Mon Journal t.12 index: «Sarlande (François Albert), homme politique : 214, 242, 244…» and «Sarlande (Mme), née Levert, épouse du précédent : 214»).

Mme Savelieff

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Shilovsky

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Silwanoff

Russian lady in Nice society, recipient of Marie's bouquet at concert.

Mme Sinanides

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Soukowkine

A Russian lady in Rome in the winter of 1876, introduced by the archimandrite: «la femme la plus aimable et la plus laide du monde» (053.0034). She has a daughter (053.0122, 053.0327). The Mon Journal t.10 index lists «Soukowkine (M.), 151» and «Soukowkine (Mme), 151» for 071.0088. Not identified outside the diary.

Mme Storiatine

Society hostess organizing charity events in Nice.

Mme Tarnowsky

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Teplakoff

Russian woman who visits Marie's sick mother, part of their Nice social circle.

Mme Tolstoy

A Russian lady in Nice with whom the Bashkirtseff household had a bitter feud in 1872–73. Not further identified; the Mon Journal t.12 index has only «Tolstoy (Mme) : 225, 228». Not to be confused with the writer's family.

Mme Troubetzkoy

Mme Tutcheff

Mme Unetelle

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Van Schaick

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Veriguine

A Russian lady of the Nice colony who led the Russian amateur singers at the Russian church in Nice on 24 April 1875: «Pour cette fête les chantres ordinaires sont remplacés par plusieurs dames et messieurs russes dirigées par Mme Vériguine» (032.0099).

Mme Viviani

Mme Voieykoff

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Volkovitsky

Stub entry — needs research.

Mme Voyeikoff

Mme Voyeikoff, a Russian lady at Nice, mother of Julie (Mon Journal indexes: «Voyeikoff (Mme) Julie» t.4 pp.104, 118, 120; t.5 pp.27–36; also t.2 pp.12–13).

Mme Waddington

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Worms

Mme Worms, the victim of a studio joke at Julian's in March 1879. The Mon Journal t.12 index has «Worms (Gustave), acteur : 184» and «Worms (Mme), épouse du précédent ; 242»; whether this is the actor's wife is not shown by the diary, where she is a woman who comes to the studio.

Mme Wright

- Type: people - aristocracy

Mme Yakovleff

Mme Yakovleff, a Russian lady of the Nice colony in 1874 and Paris/Nice in 1877; Mon Journal indexes: «Yakovleff (Mme)» t.3 p.28, t.10 pp.189, 213.

Mme Yorke

Mme Zurmüllen

A lady living in Nice, almost next door to the Bashkirtseffs, in the winter of 1876-1877. Marie first describes her on 7 January 1877: «une ravissante blonde cendrée aux sourcils teints en noir, et au teint blanc comme le lait» (068.0464). Kernberger (2013, glossary) lists her as "Zurmüllen: lady with good manners", after Marie's remark that she is «ravissante et comme il faut lorsqu'elle ne bouge pas» (068.0822).

Modeste Mignon (Honoré de Balzac)

*Modeste Mignon*, a novel by [Balzac](BALZAC.md) (1844, *La Comédie humaine*, Scènes de la vie privée): a provincial girl of Le Havre, living on her imagination, begins a secret correspondence with a famous Paris poet she has never met (fr.wikipedia «Modeste Mignon»).

Moelenar

Édouard, chevalier de Moelenar, a man Marie first thought dashing and then despised (Mon Journal t.4 index: «Moelenar (Édouard, chevalier), 120-121, 124, 129, 225»).

Molière

Molière (1622-1673) was the stage name of Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, France's greatest comic playwright and one of the masters of world literature. His satirical comedies of French society remain classics of the theatrical repertoire.

Moliner

A social acquaintance encountered at the Grand Prix at Longchamp on 30 May 1880, listed among a group of Spanish acquaintances: "les Brocheton, Moliner, Moraës, Miranda, d'autres Espagnols." The name suggests Spanish origin. No further biographical details available.

Molins

[Research needed]

Moltchanoff

A Russian man who repeatedly appeared at the Bashkirtseff household in June 1873, causing Marie considerable anxiety. She describes him as "cet horrible Moltchanoff" and "un homme dangereux," suspecting him of being a spy or secret police agent ("un agent quelconque," a member of the 3rd Section, or a Nechaev-type revolutionary). He arrived uninvited on June 11 and June 12, and was brought along in the family's carriage to Monaco, to Marie's great indignation.

Monaco

The Principality of Monaco -- and specifically its district of Monte Carlo -- was one of the most frequently mentioned places in Marie Bashkirtseff's diary. Perched on the Mediterranean coast just 20 km east of Nice, Monaco was undergoing a dramatic transformation during Marie's lifetime: from a near-bankrupt microstate in the 1850s to one of Europe's most glamorous destinations by the 1870s, thanks to the Casino de Monte-Carlo and the entrepreneurial genius of [Francois Blanc](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Blanc). Marie uses "Monaco" and "Monte-Carlo" largely interchangeably in her diary, though technically Monte Carlo is a district of the principality, named in 1866 after [Prince Charles III](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_III,_Prince_of_Monaco).

Monaco Casino

The famous Casino de Monte-Carlo in Monaco, opened in 1863.

Monaco Pigeon Shoot

Elite sporting event held at Monte Carlo in the 1870s, attracting international aristocracy and wealthy sportsmen.

Monaco Pigeon Shoot (Tir aux Pigeons)

Money

This thematic tag collects diary paragraphs where money is talked about: cash, prices and costs, spending, debts and loans, allowances and pocket money, bills, gambling at Monaco, and Marie's worries or boasts about being rich or poor. The Bashkirtseff household lived well but not always solvently, and money runs through the family's quarrels. Wealth held as estates, capital, inheritance or dowry belongs to [Property](PROPERTY.md).

Money: family

This tag marks Money paragraphs about Marie's own money or her family's: her allowance and purchases, the household's spending and bills, maman's and the aunt's gambling, papa's and the uncles' debts, the family's income. It is a qualifier of [Money](MONEY.md): every paragraph that carries it also carries the Money tag, and the tagging criteria live there.

Money: others

This tag marks Money paragraphs about somebody else's money, or money in general: other people's fortunes, debts and losses, what a rich match is worth, prices and money as a subject. It is a qualifier of [Money](MONEY.md): every paragraph that carries it also carries the Money tag, and the tagging criteria live there.

Monier

Dressmaker/seamstress in Nice who does alterations and repairs.

Monseigneur Philippe

- Type: people - mentioned

Monsieur le Cocher

Monsieur le Comte

Mont Blanc

Mont Blanc is the highest mountain in the Alps and Western Europe, standing at 4,808 meters (15,774 feet). Located on the French-Italian border, it is one of the most iconic peaks in Europe and has been visible from Geneva since antiquity.

Mont de Marsan

Mont-de-Marsan, préfecture of the Landes, south-western France, from where Multedo writes his letters to Marie in July–August 1878 (081.0480, 081.0507, 081.0516, 081.0532–0533, 081.0648, 082.0161).

Mont Dore

[Research needed]

Mont Vinaigre

A location near Nice where the Bashkirtseff family and the Howard family held a picnic on April 26, 1873.

Monte Carlo Casino

Monte-Carlo

Monte-Carlo is a district of the Principality of Monaco, a small sovereign state on the French Riviera. It became internationally famous in the late 19th century for its casino and gambling facilities. The Monte-Carlo Casino, officially opened in 1863, was developed by the Société des Bains de Mer (SBM), founded by François Blanc, with the support of Prince Charles III of Monaco as a way to save the House of Grimaldi from bankruptcy.

Montebello

A name of the Lannes de Montebello family (dukes of Montebello, descendants of Napoleon's marshal Lannes; en.wikipedia «Duc de Montebello»). The tag covers two people:

Montecuculi de Merano

[Research needed]

Monteleone

- Type: people - mentioned

Montezemolo

The marquis de Montezemolo, according to Marie «le dernier préfet italien de Nice», i.e. the last Piedmontese-Sardinian governor before the annexation of Nice to France in 1860. His widow, a Russian lady, is the «vieille fée» Marie mentions in 1881 (Mon Journal t.14 index: «Montezemolo (marquis de) : 215»).

Montgomery

- Type: people - mentioned

Montmartre

- Type: places - neighborhoods

Mops

Mops, Marie's dog, killed at Trifon's hand on her grandfather's orders in July 1875. A dog, not a person.

Moraës

[Research needed]

Morales

[Research needed]

Mordaunt Scandal

The Mordaunt divorce case in England: Sir Charles Mordaunt's suit against his wife Harriet and the co-respondents Viscount Cole and Sir Frederick Johnstone, tried in 1869–70 with the Prince of Wales called as a witness (he denied any impropriety); the divorce was refused on the ground of Lady Mordaunt's insanity and finally granted in 1875 (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harriet_Mordaunt; en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Charles_Mordaunt,_10th_Baronet). Not a person; see [Lady Mordaunt](../../people/aristocracy/LADY_MORDAUNT.md) and [Johnstone](../../people/mentioned/SIR_FREDERIC_JOHNSTONE.md).

Moreau Family

A mother, daughter and son whom Marie meets at Mont-Dore in July 1880 and who then visit in Paris in 1880–1881. «Madame Moreau (de chez la Mouzay) est ici avec sa fille qui me servira de modèle» (089.0197, 20 July 1880); «La mère est commune et a un accent chilien-bordelais ! La fille est une demoiselle soigneuse et élégante» (089.0202); «le fils Moreau que sa mère croit ravissant va arriver» (089.0239). In Paris «la petite Moreau» offers to bring Marie to a friend of Gambetta's (090.0515–0516), and Marie dismisses the Moreau house with the baccarat players of the Bailleul (091.0018).

Moreno

Moreno de Gonzales

Morgan

[Research needed]

Mortality

This thematic tag collects diary paragraphs where Marie confronts her own mortality: the fear, wish or premonition of dying young. The entry also surveys her death vocabulary in general, hyperbole included, because the two are bound together in her voice; only paragraphs genuinely about her own death or short life are tagged. Marie uses death vocabulary constantly throughout the diary: as emotional hyperbole, philosophical meditation, social commentary, and increasingly as confrontation with her own mortality. Across the diary's twelve years (1873-1884), mortality constitutes one of the diary's most distinctive rhetorical registers, evolving from the theatrical exclamations of a frustrated teenager into the devastating lucidity of a young woman watching herself die. Death is not merely a theme Marie returns to -- it is the lens through which she processes frustration, desire, isolation, ambition, and ultimately her own vanishing. The arc from "ces delais me tueront!" (These delays will kill me!, July 1873) to "La rage de se voir mourir!" (The rage of watching yourself die!, August 1884) traces the entire emotional and existential trajectory of the diary.

Mortier

Milliner (hat maker) in Nice where the family shops.

Moscow (Moscou)

Moscow, the ancient capital and spiritual heart of Russia, appears in Marie Bashkirtseff's diary as part of her Russian identity and family connections. While St. Petersburg was the political capital of the Russian Empire, Moscow retained enormous cultural and symbolic significance as the old capital, seat of the Orthodox Church, and center of Russian national identity. Marie's family, as Ukrainian-Russian nobility, had connections to both cities.

Moujik

Russian term for peasant, used by Marie to describe Allard's assistant.

Mounet Sully

- Type: people - mentioned

Mousse

- Type: people - mentioned

Mousset

Mousset, a Paris shop, on Marie's round of calls in September 1874 (Mon Journal t.4 index: «Mousset, magasin, 147»).

Moussia

Mouton

Mouton appears in Marie Bashkirtseff's diary as someone associated with horses in Nice during 1873. Based on the context of Marie's mentions, he was likely a stable owner, horse dealer, or riding instructor from whom Marie rented or borrowed horses for her rides.

Mr Howard & Swiss Times

Mrs Brown

Mrs Brown, a London hatter (Mon Journal t.4 index: «Brown, chapelier, 136-137, 139-140»).

Mrs Haliburtons Troubles

- Type: people - mentioned

Mrs Henry Wood

- Type: people - mentioned

Mrs Howard

Muhle

- Type: people - mentioned

Muliner

M. Muliner, a dark-skinned friend of the Morenos introduced to Marie at Spa on 14 June 1874 as «un homme des tropiques» (Mon Journal t.3 index: «Muliner (M.), 233–234»); his wife is [Mme Muliner](MME_MULINER.md).

Muliterno

- Type: people - mentioned

Multedo

Multedo appears to be a friend or social acquaintance in Marie's Parisian circle during 1879. Mentioned 19 times in Book 13, suggesting a regular presence in her social activities.

Munich

- Type: places - cities

Munkacsy

Hungarian painter, one of the most celebrated artists of Paris in Marie's years (the LAN note in 087/1880-02-14 cites "Milton"; his "Christ before Pilate" of 1881 made him a sensation). Marie spells his name Munkacsy, Munkaczy and, once, Munkassy.

Munkaczy

Munkassy

Murcie

«Murcie» is Marie's shorthand for the **Fête Paris-Murcie** of 18 December 1879, a charity night given by the Paris press at the Hippodrome near the pont de l'Alma, from about nine in the evening to five in the morning, for the victims of the October floods in the Spanish province of Murcia («au profit des inondés de Murcie et des pauvres de Paris», 086.0670). It was staged as a Spanish fair, with toreros, gypsy musicians, dancers and stalls kept by actresses; all fashionable Paris came, many masked. Footnote 086.0670.1; José Manuel Pedrosa, «La fiesta española de L'Hippodrome de París (18 de diciembre de 1879)», *Boletín de Literatura Oral*, 2015.

Murillo

Bartolomé Esteban Murillo (1617–1682), Spanish Baroque painter of Seville, famous for his Virgins and Immaculate Conceptions and for his street children (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartolomé_Esteban_Murillo).

Musart

- Type: people - mentioned

Musee de Cluny

[Research needed]

Musée du Luxembourg

The Paris museum of contemporary art, housed beside the Palais du Luxembourg (6th arrondissement), where the French State showed the works of living artists it had bought, usually from the Salon; works passed to the Louvre after the artist's death (en.wikipedia «Musée du Luxembourg»). For a painter of Marie's generation, a purchase «placé au Luxembourg» was the mark of official success.

Music

This thematic tag collects diary paragraphs where Marie discusses music --- attending opera and concerts, her own singing and vocal studies, piano and instrumental playing, and music as emotional experience. Music is one of the diary's most pervasive themes, reflecting both its centrality to Marie's early ambitions and its role as social ritual, emotional catalyst, and measure of cultural sophistication throughout the twelve years of the journal.

Musset

- Type: people - mentioned